Generic
Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type A Neurotoxin
1 brands available in the market
At a glance
Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type A Neurotoxin is a neurotoxin used for the treatment of muscle spasm, strabismus, blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, chronic migraine, overactive bladder, and glabellar and canthal lines for cosmetic purposes.
Description
Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type A Neurotoxin is a neurotoxin that prevents ACh release from the presynaptic membrane, causing temporary calming of muscle contractions by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses. It blocks the signals between the nerve and its muscle, reducing limb tightness and allowing the muscle a better chance to grow normally. This therapy can delay surgery by encouraging normal movement.
Indications
- Muscle spasm
- Strabismus
- Blepharospasm
- Achalasia
- Cervical dystonia
- Limb spasticity
- Overactive bladder
- Chronic migraine
- Severe Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis
- Glabellar and lateral Canthal lines (cosmetic purpose)
Therapeutic class
Drugs used in Cerebral Palsy, Vaccines, Anti-sera & Immunoglobulin
Pharmacological class
Neurotoxin (Clostridium botulinum)
Pharmacology
Neurotoxin from Clostridium botulinum; prevents ACh release from presynaptic membrane, causing temporary calming of muscle contractions by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses. Botulinum Toxin Type A blocks the signals between the nerve & its muscle, reducing limb tightness and allowing the muscle a better chance to grow normally. This therapy can delay surgery by encouraging normal movement.
Mechanism of action
Neurotoxin from Clostridium botulinum; prevents ACh release from presynaptic membrane, causing temporary calming of muscle contractions by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses.
Dosage
Adult Dose:
| Indication | Dose | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Glabellar lines | 20 units | 4 units (0.1 mL) into each of 5 sites |
| Canthal lines | 24 units/0.6 mL | 3 sites per side (6 total), 4 units/site |
| Blepharospasm | 1.25-2.5 units | IM; not to exceed 200 units in 30 days |
| Strabismus | 1.25-5 units | IM; <25 units per injection |
| Chronic Migraine | 155 units | Across 7 head/neck muscles q12wk |
| Overactive Bladder | 100 units | 20 injections of 5 units each |
| Axillary Hyperhidrosis | 50 units | Intradermally to each axilla |
| Cervical Dystonia | 25-200 units | Depending on muscle groups; max 6 U/kg every 2 months |
Administration
Administer by injection by a qualified physician. Do not exceed the recommended infusion rate of 1 mL/kg/hour (50 mg/kg/h). Monitor the patient's vital signs continuously during infusion. If an infusion reaction develops, slow the rate or temporarily interrupt the infusion.
Missed dose
If you miss a dose of Botulinum Toxin Type A, please consult your doctor.
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Skin rash
- Chills
- Muscle cramps
- Back pain
- Fever
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Wheezing
Precautions & warnings
- Patients should be well hydrated prior to administration.
- Assess renal function (BUN or serum creatinine) prior to initial infusion.
- Periodic monitoring of renal function tests and urine output is important in patients at risk for acute renal failure.
- Monitor the patient's vital signs continuously during administration.
- Do not exceed the recommended infusion rate.
Contraindications
- Prior history of severe reaction to other human immunoglobulin preparations.
- Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (potential for developing antibodies to immunoglobulin A).
Drug interactions
There are no known drug interactions and none well documented.
Food interactions
No food interactions have been found or established.
Use in pregnancy
Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Limited information is available regarding the safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A during breastfeeding. Consult your doctor before use.
Pediatric use
Limited information is available regarding use in children.
Geriatric use
Limited information is available regarding dose adjustment for elderly patients.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal function monitoring is particularly important in patients at risk for acute renal failure.
Overdose effects
Botulinum Toxin Type A overdose may cause muscle weakness, respiratory distress, and difficulty swallowing. Seek immediate medical attention if overdose is suspected.
Storage conditions
Store at the recommended temperature. Keep away from light and out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type A