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Sodium Chloride + Potassium Chloride + Calcium Chloride + Magnesium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Citrate + Sodium Hydroxide + Hydrochloric Acid (Balanced Salt Solution)

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At a glance

Balanced Salt Solution (BSS) is an isotonic irrigating solution used during various surgical procedures of the eyes, ears, nose, and throat. It keeps tissues moist and protected during surgery.

Description

Balanced Salt Solution is a sterile, isotonic, non-pyrogenic irrigating solution containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid. It maintains physiological pH and osmolarity and keeps intraocular tissues moist during surgery.

Indications
  • Irrigation during surgical procedures of the eyes, ears, nose, and throat
Therapeutic class

Irrigating Solution

Pharmacological class

Ophthalmic Irrigating Solution

Pharmacology

Balanced Salt Solution is an isotonic, pH-balanced irrigating solution that keeps tissues moist and protected during surgery. It contains essential electrolytes that maintain physiological conditions and minimize trauma to intraocular tissues during surgical procedures.

Mechanism of action

Keeps tissues moist and protected during surgery.

Dosage

Adult Dose (Topical/Irrigation):

  • Use according to standard format for each surgical procedure
  • Follow directions of the administration set
Administration
  • For irrigation only; not for injection or IV infusion
  • Preservative-free; do not use for more than one patient
  • Use only if vacuum is present, container and seal are undamaged, and solution is clear
  • Do not add any medication to BSS (may damage intraocular tissue)
Missed dose

Missed dose is not applicable (used in surgical procedures).

Side effects

Side Effects:

  • Corneal clouding or edema (rare)
  • Postoperative inflammatory reactions
  • Corneal edema and corneal decompensation
  • Bullous keratopathy if corneal endothelium is abnormal
Precautions & warnings
  • Take appropriate measures to minimize trauma to the cornea and other ocular tissues
  • Monitor intraocular pressure during prolonged irrigation
Contraindications
  • Known hypersensitivity to the product
Drug interactions

No significant drug interactions known (do not add medications to BSS).

Food interactions

Alcohol consumption is not relevant (surgical procedure).

Use in pregnancy

Use in Pregnancy: Adequate information not available; use if needed; consult your doctor.

Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.

Use in lactation

Use in Lactation: Adequate information not available; use if needed; consult your doctor.

Pediatric use

Not applicable (surgical procedure)

Geriatric use

Not applicable

Renal / hepatic impairment

Renal Impairment: Not applicable (topical irrigation)

Hepatic Impairment: Not applicable (topical irrigation)

Overdose effects

Overdose is not applicable (topical irrigation); excessive irrigation may increase intraocular pressure; consult your doctor.

Storage conditions

Store at room temperature (15-30°C), away from light and moisture; keep out of reach of children.

Chemical structure

Balanced Salt Solution

Common questions

What does this solution do?
It is used for tissue irrigation and protection during eye, ear, nose, and throat surgeries.
How to use it?
Used as an irrigating solution by a doctor during surgical procedures; not for injection or IV infusion.
What are the side effects?
Corneal clouding, edema, postoperative inflammation (rare), etc. may occur.
⚠️ This information is for educational purposes only — not a substitute for medical advice. Consult a registered physician before taking any medicine.