Generic
Biotin
51 brands available in the market
At a glance
Biotin is an essential vitamin, also known as vitamin H, widely used for hair loss, brittle or weak nails, and skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.
Description
Biotin is an essential water-soluble vitamin, also known as vitamin H, that plays a vital role in major physiological processes including fatty acid synthesis, amino acid catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. It acts as a crucial coenzyme for mitochondrial carboxylases, directly supporting epidermal cell growth and improving the keratin structure of hair roots and nail beds. Clinically, biotin supplements are widely prescribed to manage hair loss, strengthen weak or brittle nails, and alleviate dermatological conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.
Indications
Indicated for hair loss, weak, brittle or splitting nails, and eczema & dermatitis.
Therapeutic class
Herbal and Nutraceuticals
Pharmacological class
Water-soluble Vitamin / Coenzyme
Pharmacology
Biotin is an essential vitamin involved in vital physiological functions like fatty acid synthesis, amino acid catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. It influences epidermal cell growth, functions as a coenzyme for mitochondrial carboxylases in hair roots, and improves keratin structure.
Mechanism of action
Acts as a cofactor in the enzymatic carboxylation of pyruvate and acetyl-CoA. It improves keratin structure in hair roots and supports the growth and renewal of epidermal cells for skin, hair, and nails.
Dosage
Adults generally take 1-3 tablets per day. Children (with deficiency): 5-10 tablets daily, crushed and mixed with water or fruit juice. Recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is 30 mcg/day for adults and 30-35 mcg/day during pregnancy and lactation.
Administration
Administered orally as advised by a physician. For children, tablets can be crushed and mixed with water or fruit juice.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular schedule. Do not double doses.
Side effects
Well tolerated at recommended doses. No biotin toxicity has been reported even with high supplementations of up to 200 mg orally or 20 mg intravenously per day.
Precautions & warnings
Should be used according to medical advice. Excessive consumption of raw egg whites can interfere with biotin absorption.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients.
Drug interactions
Anticonvulsant drugs lower the plasma level of biotin. Antibiotic use may decrease the biotin contribution from the microflora of the large intestine.
Food interactions
Excessive consumption of raw egg whites interferes with biotin absorption due to the presence of avidin.
Use in pregnancy
Sufficient clinical data is not available for high-dose therapeutic use in pregnant women, though the recommended dietary allowance is 30 mcg/day. Use with medical guidance.
Use in lactation
The recommended dietary allowance during lactation is 35 mcg/day. Consult a physician before use.
Pediatric use
Used in children for specific deficiency states under medical supervision, typically 5-10 tablets daily crushed and mixed with water or fruit juice.
Geriatric use
Generally well tolerated in elderly individuals at recommended dosages, though medical consultation is advised.
Renal / hepatic impairment
No specific restrictions for mild renal or hepatic impairment, but should be used under medical guidance.
Overdose effects
No serious toxicity or overdose effects have been reported since it is a water-soluble vitamin and excess amounts are typically excreted by the body.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool and dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Biotin is a heterocyclic monocarboxylic acid consisting of a tetrahydrothiophene ring fused with a urea (imidazolone) ring system.