Dapagliflozin propanediol

Dapagliflozin is an inhibitor of Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2). SGLT2, expressed in the proximal renal tubules, is responsible for the majority of the reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen. By inhibiting SGLT2, Dapagliflozin reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose and lowers the renal threshold for glucose, and thereby increases urinary glucose excretion. This helps control high blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Dapagliflozin is an inhibitor of Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2). SGLT2, expressed in the proximal renal tubules, is responsible for the majority of the reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen. By inhibiting SGLT2, Dapagliflozin reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose and lowers the renal threshold for glucose (RTG), and thereby increases urinary glucose excretion.

Dapagliflozin inhibits SGLT2, reducing glucose reabsorption in the renal tubules, thereby increasing urinary glucose excretion and lowering blood glucose levels.

Adult: Initial dose: 5 mg once daily in the morning, with or without food. May be increased to 10 mg once daily if needed (in patients with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m²).

Take once daily in the morning at the same time each day, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole, do not chew, crush or break it.

If you miss a dose of Dapagliflozin, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double the dose.

Common Side Effects:

• Hypotension
• Ketoacidosis
• Acute kidney injury and renal function impairment
• Genital mycotic infections
• Urinary tract infection
• Nasopharyngitis
• Hypoglycemia
• Increased LDL-cholesterol

• Before initiating Dapagliflozin, assess volume status and correct hypovolemia in elderly, patients with renal impairment or low systolic blood pressure, and patients on diuretics.
• Monitor renal function during therapy.
• Risk of hypoglycemia with insulin or insulin secretagogues.
• Do not use in active bladder cancer; use with caution in patients with prior history of bladder cancer.
• Monitor blood sugar levels regularly.

• Hypersensitivity to Dapagliflozin or any excipient
• Severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m²)
• End-stage renal disease or dialysis
• Active bladder cancer
• Pregnancy (2nd & 3rd trimester) & lactation

Insulin and insulin secretagogues (sulphonylureas): Hypoglycemia may occur; dose reduction of insulin or secretagogue may be required.

Thiazide and loop diuretics: Increased risk of dehydration and hypotension.

Rifampin: Decrease in Cmax & AUC.

Mefenamic acid: Increase in Cmax & AUC.

Pioglitazone, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists, valsartan: May interact.

It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Dapagliflozin (increases risk of hypoglycemia).

Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

It is not known whether Dapagliflozin is excreted in human milk. Dapagliflozin should not be used during lactation.

Safety and efficacy in children and adolescents (<18 years) have not been established.

Elderly patients have higher risk of hypotension. Use with caution.

Renal impairment: eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m²: No dose adjustment. eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m²: Do not initiate. Not recommended with eGFR persistently declining between 30 to <60 mL/min/1.73 m². eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m²: Contraindicated.

Hepatic impairment: Mild or moderate: No dose adjustment required. Severe: Not studied. Use with caution.

Overdose may lead to hypoglycemia, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance. Seek medical attention.

Store in a cool (below 30°C) & dry place protected from light. Keep away from reach of children.

Dapagliflozin propanediol