Generic
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
216 brands available in the market
At a glance
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is a second-generation non-sedating antihistamine that effectively relieves symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Description
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is a non-sedating antihistamine that relieves allergy symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes and hives. It is a second-generation selective peripheral H1 receptor antagonist. Fexofenadine does not cross the blood-brain barrier, so it does not cause drowsiness and does not affect cognitive function. It is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (seasonal and perennial) and chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Indications
Allergic rhinitis (seasonal and perennial) symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea, lacrimation, itchy/red eyes, itchy nose/palate/throat), chronic idiopathic urticaria (hives).
Therapeutic class
Antihistamine (anti-allergic)
Pharmacological class
Second-generation selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist (non-sedating)
Pharmacology
Fexofenadine is an inverse agonist of the H1 histamine receptor, binding to and stabilizing its inactive form to prevent its activation and subsequent downstream effects. It has potent and selective affinity for H1 receptors and does not cross the blood-brain barrier, so it is unlikely to cause significant CNS effects. It has no antidopaminergic, antiserotonergic, anticholinergic, sedative, or adrenergic blocking activity.
Mechanism of action
Fexofenadine selectively blocks peripheral H1 histamine receptors, preventing histamine from binding to these receptors. Histamine is a chemical released during allergic reactions that contributes to symptoms like itching, swelling, and mucus production. By inhibiting the action of histamine, fexofenadine helps alleviate common allergy symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and itchy or watery eyes.
Dosage
Adults and children ≥12 years:
- Allergic rhinitis: 120 mg once daily OR 60 mg twice daily
- Chronic idiopathic urticaria: 180 mg once daily
- Renal impairment: 60 mg once daily
Children 6-11 years:
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily OR 60 mg once daily
- Renal impairment: 30 mg once daily
Children 2-11 years (suspension):
- 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
Children 6 months-2 years (suspension):
- 15 mg or 2.5 ml twice daily
Administration
Take with water. Can be taken with or without food. Do not take with fruit juices (apple, orange, grapefruit) as they reduce absorption. Separate from aluminum/magnesium antacids by 2 hours.
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Side effects
Common side effects: Headache, mild drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, dry mouth.
Rare side effects: Diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, insomnia, palpitations, rash.
Allergic reactions: Angioedema, chest tightness, dyspnea, anaphylaxis.
Precautions & warnings
Does not usually affect driving ability. Dose adjustment needed in renal impairment. Use with caution in elderly patients (65+). Avoid alcohol as it may increase drowsiness. Caution in patients with history of allergic reactions.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine or any of its ingredients.
Drug interactions
Erythromycin/Ketoconazole: May increase fexofenadine plasma levels 2-3 fold.
Aluminum/Magnesium antacids: Reduce bioavailability - separate by 2 hours.
Fruit juices: Apple, orange, grapefruit juice reduce absorption.
Food interactions
Alcohol: May increase drowsiness; avoid.
Fruit juices: Apple, orange, grapefruit juice reduce drug absorption.
Use in pregnancy
Pregnancy Category: C. No adequate studies in pregnant women. Use only if clearly needed with medical advice.
Pregnancy Category: B — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
It is not known if fexofenadine is excreted in human milk. However, fexofenadine was found in breast milk when terfenadine was administered. Use with caution.
Pediatric use
6 months-2 years: 15 mg (2.5 ml) suspension twice daily
2-11 years: 30 mg tablet twice daily OR 60 mg once daily
≥12 years: Adult dose
Geriatric use
Bioavailability increased in individuals over 65 years. Use with caution and adjust dose if needed.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal impairment: Reduce dose when CrCl <80 mL/min. Adults: 60 mg once daily. Children: half dose based on weight.
Hepatic impairment: Moderate to severe hepatic disease does not substantially affect fexofenadine pharmacokinetics. No dose adjustment needed.
Overdose effects
Symptoms of overdose: dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, dry mouth. Maximum tolerated dose not established. Hemodialysis is not effective.
Storage conditions
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
C₃₂H₃₉NO₄