Generic
Moxifloxacin IV
6 brands available in the market
At a glance
Moxifloxacin IV is a 4th generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic administered intravenously. It is used for bacterial infections and works by inhibiting bacterial DNA replication.
Description
Moxifloxacin is a 4th generation synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic administered intravenously. It is active against gram-positive, gram-negative, anaerobic and atypical bacteria. It inhibits topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV to prevent bacterial DNA replication, transcription and repair.
Indications
- Acute bacterial sinusitis
- Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
- Community acquired pneumonia
- Complicated and uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections
- Intra-abdominal infections
Therapeutic class
4-Quinolone Preparations
Pharmacological class
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic
Pharmacology
Moxifloxacin inhibits topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV to prevent bacterial DNA replication, transcription and repair, resulting in bacterial cell death.
Mechanism of action
Prevents bacterial growth by inhibiting DNA replication.
Dosage
Adult Dose (IV):
- Acute bacterial sinusitis: 400 mg IV infusion over 60 min, 10 days
- Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 400 mg IV infusion over 60 min, 5 days
- Community acquired pneumonia: 400 mg IV infusion over 60 min, 7-14 days
- Complicated skin infections: 400 mg once daily, 7-21 days
- Uncomplicated skin infections: 400 mg once daily, 7 days
- Intra-abdominal infections: 400 mg once daily, 5-14 days
Elderly: No dose adjustment required.
Administration
- Administered by doctor or nurse IV only; do not self-administer
- Infuse over 60 minutes
- May switch to oral therapy when clinically appropriate
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember; skip if it's almost time for next dose; do not double the dose.
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Injection site reactions (pain, swelling, redness)
Precautions & warnings
- Risk of QT prolongation
- Discontinue if tendinitis or tendon pain occurs
- Caution in myasthenia gravis
- Caution when driving (may cause dizziness)
- Inform doctor if diarrhea with blood occurs
- Safety not established in patients <18 years
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- QT prolongation
- Uncorrected hypokalemia
- Myasthenia gravis
- Concurrent use with Class Ia or III antiarrhythmics
Drug interactions
- Decreased absorption with antacids, sucralfate, iron or zinc
- Increased risk of tendon disorders with corticosteroids (especially >60 years)
- QT prolongation with Class Ia or III antiarrhythmics
Food interactions
No harmful interaction with alcohol.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Moxifloxacin IV may be unsafe during pregnancy (Category C); animal studies show evidence of fetal harm.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Moxifloxacin IV may be unsafe during breastfeeding; may pass into breast milk.
Pediatric use
Safety and efficacy not established in children under 18 years.
Geriatric use
No dose adjustment required in elderly.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Safe in kidney disease; no dose adjustment needed.
Hepatic Impairment: Caution in severe liver disease; dose adjustment may be needed.
Overdose effects
Overdose: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness; symptomatic treatment.
Storage conditions
Store in a dry place, away from light; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Moxifloxacin IV