Generic
Sevoflurane
1 brands available in the market
At a glance
Sevoflurane is an inhalation anesthetic used to provide general anesthesia. It induces reversible loss of consciousness, allowing surgical procedures to be carried out without pain and distress.
Description
Sevoflurane is a halogenated inhalation anesthetic with rapid onset and rapid elimination. It acts on the central nervous system to induce reversible loss of consciousness, eliminating pain and distress during surgery.
Indications
- General anesthesia (induction and maintenance)
Therapeutic class
Inhalation Anesthetic
Pharmacological class
Halogenated Inhalation Anesthetic
Pharmacology
Sevoflurane acts on the CNS by activating GABA-A receptors and inhibiting NMDA receptors to induce reversible loss of consciousness. It has rapid onset (approximately 1-2 minutes) and rapid elimination, enabling fast induction and recovery from anesthesia.
Mechanism of action
Induces reversible loss of consciousness by acting on the central nervous system.
Dosage
Adult and Pediatric Dose (Inhalation):
- Induction: 4-8% sevoflurane (in oxygen or oxygen-nitrous oxide mixture)
- Maintenance: 2-4% sevoflurane (adjusted according to surgical needs)
Administration
- Administered only by an experienced anesthetist in a hospital setting
- Given through an inhalation anesthesia machine
- Onset of action: 1-2 minutes
Missed dose
Missed dose is not applicable (administered in hospital setting).
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Headache, dizziness
- Abnormal dreams, confusion, hallucinations
- Agitation, double vision
- Hypertension or bradycardia
- Tonic-clonic seizures
Precautions & warnings
- Caution in severe hepatic or renal disease
- Caution in pregnancy and lactation
- Known hypersensitivity to sevoflurane
- Caution in history of malignant hyperthermia
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to sevoflurane or halogenated anesthetics
- Family or personal history of malignant hyperthermia
Drug interactions
Systemic drug interactions have been evaluated (hospital setting).
Food interactions
Alcohol is unsafe with Sevoflurane; consult your doctor.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Generally safe; animal studies show low or no adverse effects; limited human data; consult your doctor.
Pregnancy Category: B — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Safe during breastfeeding; limited data suggests no significant risk; consult your doctor.
Pediatric use
Indicated for children (dose adjusted by anesthetist)
Geriatric use
Caution required in elderly patients
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Caution required; dose adjustment may be needed; consult your doctor.
Hepatic Impairment: Caution required; dose adjustment may be needed; consult your doctor.
Overdose effects
Overdose may cause respiratory depression, hypotension, and cardiovascular depression; provide symptomatic treatment.
Storage conditions
Store away from sunlight and heat; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Sevoflurane