Acetor 25

Captopril belongs to a group of medicines known as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. It is widely used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure and may be prescribed after a heart attack. It also lowers the chances of having a heart attack or stroke. Captopril can be prescribed either alone or in combination with other medicines. It may be taken empty stomach. This medicine should be taken at the same time each day to get the most benefit. It is important to continue taking it regularly even if you feel well or even if your blood pressure is controlled. Most people with high blood pressure do not feel ill, but if you stop taking this medicine, your condition could get worse. Making some changes in your lifestyle will also help lower your blood pressure. These may include regular exercise, losing weight, smoking cessation, reducing alcohol intake, and reducing the amount of salt in your diet as advised by your doctor. The most common side effects of this medicine include feeling dizzy or drowsy, headache, dry cough, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, and low blood pressure. Most of these are temporary and resolve with time. Talk to your doctor if any of the side effects bother you or do not go away. Before taking this medicine, let your doctor know if you have any kidney or liver problems. Pregnant or breastfeeding mothers should also consult their doctor before taking it. Your doctor may check your kidney function, blood pressure and potassium levels in your blood at regular intervals while you are taking this medicine. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It works by reducing stress on the heart and relaxing blood vessel so that blood flows more smoothly and the heart can pump blood more efficiently.

• Hypertension (high blood pressure) • Prevention of heart attack and stroke • Heart failure

Captopril competitively inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII), thus resulting in reduced ATII levels and aldosterone secretion. It also increases plasma renin activity and bradykinin levels. Reduction of ATII leads to decreased Na and water retention. This promotes vasodilation and BP reduction.

Adult Dose: Adult: PO HTN Initial: 12.5 mg twice daily. Maintenance: 25-50 mg twice daily. Max: 50 mg 3 times/day. Elderly: Initially, 6.25 mg bid. Heart failure Initial: 6.25-12.5 mg 2-3 times/day. Max: 50 mg 3 times/day. Post MI Start 3 days after MI. Initial: 6.25 mg/day, may increase after several wk to 150 mg/day in divided doses if needed and tolerated. Diabetic nephropathy 25 mg 3 times/day. Child Dose: Oral Hypertension Child: Neonates and infants: 0.15 mg/kg. Max: 6 mg/kg in 2 or 3 divided doses according to response. Childn and adolescents: 0.3 mg/kg. Max: 6 mg/kg in 2 or 3 divided doses according to response. Heart failure Child: Initially, 0.25 mg/kg/day, increased up to 2.5 or 3.5 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses. Renal Dose: Renal impairment: CrCl (ml/min) <10 Initially, 6.25 mg/day. Max: 37.5 mg/day. 10-20 Initially, 12.5 mg/day. Max: 75 mg/day. 21-40 Initially, 25 mg/day. Max: 100 mg/day.

Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Captopril may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time.

If you miss a dose of Captopril, skip it and continue with your normal schedule. Do not double the dose.

Common: • Decreased blood pressure • Cough • Increased potassium level in blood • Fatigue • Weakness • Dizziness

[UNSAFE] Captopril may decrease alertness, affect your vision or make you feel sleepy and dizzy. Do not drive if these symptoms occur. Captopril can make you feel dizzy for the first few days, so rise slowly if you have been sitting or lying down. You can also prefer taking it at bedtime to avoid dizziness throughout the day. Let your doctor know about any cough, or throat irritation that does not go away. It may increase the level of potassium in blood. Avoid taking potassium supplements and potassium-rich foods such as banana and broccoli. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Known hypersensitivity to the drug. Bilateral renal artery stenosis, hereditary angioedema; renal impairment; pregnancy.

Concurrent treatment w/ NSAIDs reduces hypotensive action and increases the risk of nephrotoxicity. Additive hyperkalaemic effect w/ K supplements, K-sparing diuretics, and other drugs (e.g. heparin). May increase risk of leucopenia w/ procainamide, allopurinol, cytostatic or immunosuppressants. May increase risk of lithium toxicity. Increased risk of nitritoid reactions w/ gold (Na aurothiomalate). Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of hypotension, hyperkalaemia, and changes in renal function (including acute renal failure) w/ aliskiren in diabetic patients.

[SAFE] Consuming alcohol with Captopril does not cause any harmful side effects.

[CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR] Captopril is unsafe to use during pregnancy as there is definite evidence of risk to the developing baby. However, the doctor may rarely prescribe it in some life-threatening situations if the benefits are more than the potential risks. Please consult your doctor.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Captopril is safe to use during breastfeeding. Human studies suggest that the drug does not pass into the breastmilk in a significant amount and is not harmful to the baby.

[CAUTION] Captopril should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. Dose adjustment of Captopril may be needed. Please consult your doctor. Regular blood pressure monitoring is recommended for dose adjustment. It may cause neutropenia (low white blood cells) and proteinuria in patients with kidney disease. [CAUTION] Captopril should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of Captopril may be needed. Please consult your doctor. Inform your doctor if you develop any signs and symptoms of jaundice while taking this medicine.

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