Adrenaline1mg/ml

Adrenaline (Epinephrine) acts on alpha and beta-adrenoceptors, serving as a critical emergency medication for cardiac arrest, severe allergic reactions, and acute asthma.

Adjunctive use in cardiac arrest management, anaphylactic reactions/shock, and life-threatening acute asthma.

Anaphylaxis, Mydriatic and Cycloplegic agents, Other adrenoceptor stimulants

Direct-acting Sympathomimetic / Adrenergic Agonist

Exerts effect on both alpha and beta adrenoceptors. Increases systolic BP via vasoconstriction (alpha-1), increases heart rate and cardiac output (beta-1), and induces bronchodilation (beta-2).

Direct stimulation of alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors leading to peripheral vasoconstriction, positive inotropic and chronotropic cardiac effects, and bronchial smooth muscle relaxation.

Cardiac arrest: 1 mg IV repeated every 2-3 min. Anaphylaxis/Asthma: Adult 0.25–0.5 mg repeated at 5-min intervals. Children: 10 mcg/kg initially (max 250 mcg).

Administered via IV, IM, SC, or endotracheal routes by qualified healthcare providers. Do not use if solution is discolored or contains precipitate.

Not applicable as this is an emergency rescue medication administered in clinical settings.

Anxiety, restlessness, dizziness, headache, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, weakness, and coldness of extremities.

Exercise extreme caution in elderly patients, coronary insufficiency, hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and asthma with degenerative heart disease. Do not mix with sodium bicarbonate.

Contraindicated in severe hypertension, arteriosclerosis, coronary disease, hyperthyroidism, and patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

Adverse effects potentiated by tricyclic antidepressants, certain antihistamines (diphenhydramine), L-thyroxine, and cardiac glycosides.

Not applicable due to emergency parenteral administration.

Pregnancy Category C. Crosses the placenta; use only if potential benefit outweighs risk to the fetus.

Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.

Excreted in breast milk; not recommended during lactation due to potential infant adverse effects.

Initial pediatric dose is 10 mcg/kg body weight; do not exceed 250 mcg in initial administration.

Administer slowly and with caution to elderly patients due to higher incidence of underlying cardiovascular disease.

Rapidly metabolized in liver by COMT and MAO enzymes and excreted in urine. Monitor in severe impairment.

Can cause cardiac arrhythmias, severe hypertension, pulmonary edema, and cerebral hemorrhage. Treat with combined alpha/beta-blockers (e.g., labetalol) or phentolamine.

Store below 25°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Adrenaline / Epinephrine (C9H13NO3)

Question: What is Adrenaline (Epinephrine) used for? Answer: Adrenaline is a life-saving emergency drug used in the management of cardiac arrest, severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), and severe acute asthma attacks. Question: How does Adrenaline work in the body? Answer: It stimulates both alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors, causing vasoconstriction to increase blood pressure, increasing heart rate/cardiac output, and relaxing bronchial smooth muscle to open airways. Question: How is Adrenaline administered during anaphylaxis? Answer: It is administered immediately via intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) route upon onset of severe allergic reactions and may be repeated every 5 minutes as needed. Question: Can Adrenaline be used during pregnancy? Answer: It is Pregnancy Category C and should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus in life-threatening situations.