৳ 220/unit
Pack: ৳ 220
৳ 220/unit
Pack: ৳ 220
At a glance
Insulin (Human) R (Regular insulin) is a short-acting insulin used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis.
Indications
- Diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2)
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
Pharmacology
Insulin lowers blood glucose levels. It regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism by inhibiting hepatic glucose production and lipolysis, and enhancing peripheral glucose disposal. Soluble insulin ('neutral insulin' or 'regular insulin') is a short-acting preparation that can be administered SC, IM or IV.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Subcutaneous):
- Type 1 Diabetes: Initial: 0.2-0.4 units/kg/day divided q8hr; Maintenance: 0.5-1 unit/kg/day divided q8hr
- Type 2 Diabetes: Initial: 0.2-0.4 units/kg/day divided q8hr-q12hr
- 50-75% of total daily insulin given as intermediate- or long-acting insulin in 1-2 injections; rapid- or short-acting insulin used before or at mealtimes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (IV):
- Loading dose: 20 units, then 6 units/hr until blood glucose drops to 10 mmol/l, then 3 units/hr
Child Dose (Type 1): Initial: 0.2-0.4 units/kg/day q8hr; Maintenance: 0.5-1 unit/kg/day; adolescents up to 1.5 units/kg/day
Side effects
Side Effects:
- Hypoglycemia
- Injection site reactions (redness, swelling, pain)
- Lipodystrophy
- Pruritus
- Rash
- Lipoatrophy
- Hypokalemia
- Blurred vision
- Insulin resistance
- Headache
- Influenza-like symptoms
- Dyspepsia
- Diarrhea
- Back pain
- Pharyngitis
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Insulin is safe during pregnancy; insulin does not cross placental barrier; insulin requirements fall in 1st trimester, increase in 2nd and 3rd; return to pre-pregnancy values after delivery.
Precautions & warnings
Precautions:
- Pregnancy (insulin requirements fall in 1st trimester, increase in 2nd and 3rd) and lactation
- Caution with decreased insulin requirements: Diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, malabsorption, hypothyroidism, renal impairment, hepatic impairment
- Hypokalemia may occur
- Caution in renal and hepatic impairment (dosage requirements may be reduced)
- Caution with increased insulin requirements: Fever, hyperthyroidism, trauma, infection, surgery
- Only soluble insulin can be administered IV
Overdose effects
Overdose: No specific overdose definition for insulin; hypoglycemia may develop; mild episodes treated with oral glucose or sugary products; severe episodes with glucagon (0.5-1 mg) IM/SC or IV glucose; oral carbohydrate recommended after regaining consciousness.
Storage conditions
Store between 2°C-8°C in refrigerator; do not freeze; protect from light.