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At a glance

Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety disorders, panic attacks, and sleep problems. It suppresses abnormal nerve cell activity by enhancing the effects of GABA in the brain.

Indications
  • Anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, phobias, OCD, panic attacks)
  • Insomnia associated with anxiety
  • Chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting
  • Preoperative medication
  • Status epilepticus
Pharmacology

Lorazepam exerts a depressant action on the CNS by potentiating the inhibitory actions of GABA, resulting in diminution of the ascending activating systems, particularly the serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways from brain stem to the cerebral cortex.

Dosage

Anxiety (Adult): 1-6 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses; max 10 mg/day

Insomnia: 1-4 mg at bedtime

Premedication: 2-3 mg night before surgery

Status Epilepticus (Adult): 4 mg slow IV; repeat after 5-10 min if needed

Children: Status Epilepticus: 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV over 2-5 min; max 4 mg/dose

Elderly/Debilitated: Half the usual adult dose or less

Side effects

Common Side Effects:

  • Dizziness
  • Weakness
  • Sedation
  • Balance disorder
  • Confusion
  • Depression
  • Nausea
Use in pregnancy

Use in Pregnancy: Lorazepam is unsafe during pregnancy (Category D); definite evidence of risk to the fetus. Use only in life-threatening situations with doctor's advice.

Pregnancy Category: D — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.

Precautions & warnings
  • Very high addiction/habit-forming potential; take only as per dose and duration advised
  • Avoid driving or activities requiring concentration (may cause dizziness and drowsiness)
  • Avoid alcohol (may increase dizziness and drowsiness)
  • Do not stop suddenly (may cause nausea, anxiety, agitation, sweating, tremor, confusion)
  • Consult doctor during pregnancy and lactation
Overdose effects

Overdose: CNS depression (drowsiness to coma), ataxia, hypotension; symptomatic treatment.

Storage conditions

Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture; keep out of reach of children.

Lorazepam — see the full informationPharmacology, precautions, pregnancy, overdose and the rest on the generic page
⚠️ This information is for educational purposes only — not a substitute for medical advice. Consult a registered physician before taking any medicine.