৳ 1.23/unit
Pack: ৳ 1.23
৳ 1.23/unit
Pack: ৳ 1.23
At a glance
Aminophylline is a bronchodilator used for the treatment and prevention of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It relaxes airway muscles and makes breathing easier.
Indications
Treatment and prophylaxis of bronchospasm associated with asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis; treatment of cardiac asthma and left ventricular or congestive cardiac failure in adults.
Pharmacology
Aminophylline is a combination of theophylline and ethylenediamine. Ethylenediamine is inactive and increases the solubility of theophylline in water. Theophylline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Mechanisms include increased intracellular cAMP through phosphodiesterase inhibition, adenosine receptor antagonism, prostaglandin antagonism, and effects on intracellular calcium.
Dosage
Oral (Chronic bronchospasm):
- Adults: Initially 225-450 mg twice daily; increase if necessary
- Children (>3 years): 12 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses; increase to 24 mg/kg/day after 1 week
Intravenous (Acute severe bronchospasm):
- Adults: Loading dose: 5 mg/kg (ideal body weight) or 250-500 mg (25 mg/mL) slow injection/infusion over 20-30 min; Maintenance: 0.5 mg/kg/hour
- Children: Loading dose same as adults; Maintenance: 6 months-9 years: 1 mg/kg/hour; 10-16 years: 0.8 mg/kg/hour
Side effects
Common side effects: Gastric irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hematemesis, epigastric pain, tremor, headache, irritability, restlessness, insomnia, twitching, palpitations, tachycardia, hypotension, flushing, albuminuria, diuresis, hematuria.
Serious (high doses): Ventricular arrhythmias, seizures, reactivation of peptic ulcer, circulatory failure, reflex hyperexcitability.
Use in pregnancy
Use during pregnancy should be balanced against the risk of uncontrolled disease.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
- Used for prevention and treatment of asthma and COPD
- Does not work immediately; keep a rescue inhaler for emergencies
- Regular blood tests (potassium levels and drug levels) required
- Inform doctor if you have kidney, liver or heart disease
- Smoking history may require dose adjustment
- Do not discontinue without consulting your doctor
- Avoid high caffeine products (coffee, tea, dark chocolate)
Overdose effects
Overdose symptoms: nausea, vomiting, insomnia, tremor, tachycardia, seizures, ventricular arrhythmias. Treatment: symptomatic and supportive measures.
Storage conditions
Store below 30°C in a cool and dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children.