৳ 5,000/unit
Pack: ৳ 5,000
৳ 5,000/unit
Pack: ৳ 5,000
At a glance
Morphine Sulphate is an opioid analgesic used for the treatment of severe acute and chronic pain. It binds to opioid receptors in the central nervous system to alter pain perception.
Indications
- Severe acute and chronic pain
- Pain associated with myocardial infarction
- Unstable angina
- Intractable cough
- Acute pulmonary oedema
- Analgesia during labour
- Post-operative pain
Pharmacology
Morphine binds to opioid receptors in the CNS altering pain perception and response. It produces analgesia at mu-1 receptors and respiratory depression & inhibition of intestinal movements at mu-2 receptors. Spinal analgesia is mediated by agonist action at the K receptor.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral):
- Moderate-severe pain: 5-20 mg every 4 hours
- Extended-release: 5-20 mg every 12 hours
- Severe pain: 30 mg every 12 hours (retard tablet)
- Post-operative pain: 30 mg every 12 hours for patients >70 kg
Pediatric Dose (Oral):
- 3-5 years: 5 mg every 4 hours
- 6-12 years: 5-10 mg every 4 hours
- 13-18 years: 5-20 mg every 4 hours
- Cancer pain: 0.2-0.8 mg/kg every 12 hours
Parenteral: IM/SC: 5-20 mg; IV: 2.5-10 mg over 4-5 minutes
Side effects
Common Side Effects (>10%):
- Pruritus (≤80%)
- Urinary retention (15-70%)
- Vomiting (7-70%)
- Constipation (>10%)
- Headache (>10%)
- Somnolence (>10%)
Uncommon (1-10%):
- Abdominal pain, asthenia, backache, depression, diarrhea, dyspnea, fever, insomnia, loss of appetite, nausea, paresthesia, peripheral edema, rash, sweating, xerostomia
Rare: Anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, circulatory depression, shock, vertigo
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Pregnancy category C; Category D with prolonged use/high doses at term. Not recommended during pregnancy and labour due to risk of neonatal respiratory depression.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
- Caution in patients with impaired respiratory function, severe bronchial asthma, convulsive disorders, acute alcoholism, delirium tremens, raised intracranial pressure, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, severe cor pulmonale, history of substance abuse
- Dose reduction may be needed in renal and hepatic impairment
- May impair ability to drive or operate machinery
- Long-term use may lead to dependence
- Abrupt cessation may cause withdrawal symptoms
Overdose effects
Overdose: Pin-point pupils, skeletal muscle flaccidity, bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypotension, somnolence, coma; naloxone as antidote.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light; keep out of reach of children.