৳ 2.80/unit
Pack: ৳ 2.80
৳ 2.80/unit
Pack: ৳ 2.80
At a glance
Captopril is an ACE inhibitor used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and post-myocardial infarction. It dilates blood vessels and reduces cardiac workload to control blood pressure.
Indications
- Mild-to-moderate hypertension (adjunct to thiazide therapy)
- Severe hypertension (when standard therapy has failed)
- Congestive heart failure (with diuretics and digitalis)
- Post-myocardial infarction treatment
Pharmacology
Captopril competitively inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), reducing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, decreasing angiotensin II levels and aldosterone secretion, and increasing plasma renin activity and bradykinin levels. Reduced angiotensin II leads to decreased sodium and water retention, promoting vasodilation and blood pressure reduction.
Dosage
Hypertension (Mild-moderate): Initial 12.5 mg twice daily; Maintenance 25 mg twice daily (max 50 mg twice daily).
Severe hypertension: Initial 12.5 mg twice daily; max 50 mg three times daily.
Heart failure: Initial 6.25-12.5 mg 2-3 times daily; Maintenance 25 mg three times daily; max 150 mg/day.
Post-MI: Start 3 days after MI; Initial 6.25 mg/day; may increase to 150 mg/day in divided doses.
Diabetic nephropathy: 25 mg three times daily.
Elderly: Initial 6.25 mg twice daily.
Children (Neonates and infants): 0.15 mg/kg (max 6 mg/kg) in 2-3 divided doses.
Children and adolescents: 0.3 mg/kg (max 6 mg/kg) in 2-3 divided doses.
Heart failure (Children): Initial 0.25 mg/kg/day; up to 2.5-3.5 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses.
Renal impairment (CrCl):
CrCl <10 mL/min: Initial 6.25 mg/day; max 37.5 mg/day.
CrCl 10-20: Initial 12.5 mg/day; max 75 mg/day.
CrCl 21-40: Initial 25 mg/day; max 100 mg/day.
Note: Take 1 hour before meals for maximum absorption.
Side effects
Hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, fatigue, weakness, dizziness, neutropenia, anemia, proteinuria, tachycardia, pruritic rash, gastric irritation, abdominal pain.
Use in pregnancy
Unsafe during pregnancy (Category D). Definite evidence of risk to the developing baby. May be used in life-threatening situations if benefits outweigh risks. Discontinue as soon as pregnancy is detected.
Pregnancy Category: D — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
- May cause dizziness for the first few days; rise slowly from sitting or lying position.
- Inform your doctor about any persistent cough or throat irritation (ACE inhibitor-induced cough).
- Avoid potassium supplements and potassium-rich foods (banana, broccoli) due to hyperkalemia risk.
- Do not use during pregnancy (Category D).
- Avoid in aortic stenosis or outflow tract obstruction.
- Caution in renal impairment (risk of neutropenia and proteinuria).
- Caution in hepatic impairment; inform your doctor if jaundice symptoms develop.
Overdose effects
Overdose may cause severe hypotension. Treatment: Blood pressure correction (IV fluids, vasopressors), gastric lavage. Consult your doctor immediately if overdose is suspected.
Storage conditions
Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.