৳ 6,460/unit
Pack: ৳ 6,460
৳ 6,460/unit
Pack: ৳ 6,460
At a glance
Ceftazidime + Avibactam is a combination antibiotic used to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections, complicated urinary tract infections, and hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia.
Indications
- Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections (cIAI)
- Complicated Urinary Tract Infections (cUTI) including Pyelonephritis
- Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (HABP)
- Ventilator-associated Bacterial Pneumonia (VABP)
Pharmacology
Ceftazidime inhibits bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis following binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs), which leads to bacterial cell lysis and death. Avibactam is a non β-lactam, β-lactamase inhibitor that acts by forming a covalent adduct with the enzyme that is stable to hydrolysis. It inhibits both Ambler class A and class C β-lactamases and some class D enzymes, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), KPC and OXA-48 carbapenemases, and AmpC enzymes. Avibactam does not inhibit class B enzymes (metallo-β-lactamases) and is not able to inhibit many class D enzymes.
Dosage
Adult Dose (CrCl >50 mL/min):
| Infection Type | Dose | Schedule | Infusion Time | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complicated Intra-abdominal (with metronidazole) | 2.5 g (2 g/0.5 g) | 8 hourly | 2 hours | 5-14 days |
| Complicated UTI (including pyelonephritis) | 2.5 g (2 g/0.5 g) | 8 hourly | 2 hours | 7-14 days |
| HABP/VABP | 2.5 g (2 g/0.5 g) | 8 hourly | 2 hours | 7-14 days |
Pediatric Dose (3 months-18 years):
| Age | Dose | Schedule |
|---|---|---|
| 2-18 years | 62.5 mg/kg (max 2.5 g) | 8 hourly |
| 6 months-2 years | 62.5 mg/kg | 8 hourly |
| 3-6 months | 50 mg/kg | 8 hourly |
Renal Dose:
| Creatinine Clearance (ml/min) | Dose | Schedule |
|---|---|---|
| 31-50 | 1.25 g (1 g/0.25 g) | 8 hourly |
| 16-30 | 0.94 g (0.75 g/0.19 g) | 12 hourly |
| 6-15 | 0.94 g (0.75 g/0.19 g) | 24 hourly |
| <5 | 0.94 g (0.75 g/0.19 g) | 48 hourly |
Hemodialysis patients: Administer after hemodialysis on hemodialysis days.
Side effects
Common Side Effects (≥5%):
- Diarrhea (8%)
- Nausea (7%)
- Vomiting (5%)
- Headache (3%)
- Dizziness (2%)
- Abdominal pain (1%)
- Constipation (2%)
- Pruritus (2%)
Other Side Effects: Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, injection site phlebitis, candidiasis, increased liver enzymes, hypokalemia, acute kidney injury, rash, urticaria, anxiety.
Use in pregnancy
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of ceftazidime/avibactam, ceftazidime, or avibactam in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used in pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Pregnancy Category: B — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
- Serious and occasionally fatal anaphylactic reactions and serious skin reactions have been reported with beta-lactam antibacterials; caution in patients with history of allergy to cephalosporins, penicillins, or carbapenems.
- Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been associated with nearly all systemic antibacterials; severity may range from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis; may occur >2 months following antibacterial use.
- Seizures, nonconvulsive status epilepticus, encephalopathy, coma, asterixis, neuromuscular excitability, and myoclonia have been reported with ceftazidime, especially in the setting of renal impairment; adjust dose according to CrCl.
- Decreased efficacy in adult cIAI patients with baseline CrCl of 30-50 mL/min; monitor CrCl at least daily in patients with changing renal function and adjust dose accordingly.
Overdose effects
Information on Ceftazidime + Avibactam overdosage is not available.
Storage conditions
Store at temperature not exceeding 25°C in a dry place. Protect from light & moisture.