Dexmedetomidine

Dexmedetomidine is a prescription medicine used to provide sedation (a state of calm, drowsiness, or sleep) for adult patients in intensive care settings. It may also be used for awake sedation during diagnostic and surgical procedures. Dexmedetomidine is given as an infusion (drip) into a vein under the supervision of a healthcare professional. It is important to inform your doctor if you are suffering from any medical conditions like slow heart rate, low blood pressure, neurological disorder, severe liver problems, or have ever developed a serious fever after some medicines, especially after taking anesthesia. Your doctor will monitor the cardiac and respiratory state after providing this injection. It may cause dryness in mouth, decreased blood pressure and slow heart rate as side effects of this medicine. Please consult your doctor if these side effects do not improve with time or worsen. Dexmedetomidine works by modulating the action of certain chemical messengers in the brain that relieves pain and induces sleep.

• Sedative

Centrally acting alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist that has sedative and anesthetic properties possibly by activating G-proteins in the brainstem, which results in the inhibition of norepinephrine release.

Adult Dose: ICU Sedation Load: 1 mcg/kg IV over 10 minutes Maintenance 0.2-1.4 mcg/kg/hr IV Titrate less frequently than q30min to prevent hypotension Fiberoptic Intubation Load: 1 mcg/kg IV over 10 minutes Maintenance 0.7 mcg/kg/hr IV Procedural Sedation Load: 1 mcg/kg IV over 10 minutes Maintenance 0.6 mcg/kg/hr IV titrate to effect (usually 0.2-1 mcg/kg/hr) Titrate less frequently than q30min to prevent hypotension Hepatic Impairment Dose reduction may be required Child Dose: Safety and efficacy not established Renal Dose: Renal Impairment Dose reduction may be required

Your doctor or nurse will give you this medicine. Kindly do not self administer.

Common: • Decreased blood pressure • Dryness in mouth

[NOT RELEVANT] Not relevant, as Dexmedetomidine is intended for use in hospitalised patients. Dexmedetomidine is given as an infusion into the veins by healthcare professionals only. Your doctor will closely monitor your heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate and oxygen level during the treatment. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning pregnancy or breastfeeding.

2nd or 3rd degree AV block (unless paced), uncontrolled hypotension, acute cerebrovascular disorders.

Enhanced pharmacologic effects of anaesth, sedatives, hypnotics, opiate agonists, other vasodilators or drugs that have negative chronotropic effects (e.g. cardiac glycosides).

[UNSAFE] Dexmedetomidine may cause excessive drowsiness with alcohol.

[CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR] Dexmedetomidine may be unsafe to use during pregnancy. Although there are limited studies in humans, animal studies have shown harmful effects on the developing baby. Your doctor will weigh the benefits and any potential risks before prescribing it to you. Please consult your doctor.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Dexmedetomidine is probably safe to use during breastfeeding. Limited human data suggests that the drug does not represent any significant risk to the baby.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Dexmedetomidine is safe to use in patients with kidney disease. No dose adjustment of Dexmedetomidine is recommended. [CAUTION] Dexmedetomidine should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of Dexmedetomidine may be needed. Please consult your doctor.

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