Empagliflozin

Empagliflozin is used alone or in combination with other medicines to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps control the high blood sugar levels seen in diabetes. This reduces the chances of serious complications of diabetes and also helps prevent heart disease. Empagliflozin can be taken with or without food at any time of day but you should try to take it at the same time every day. The dose will be decided by your doctor. Do not stop taking it without asking your doctor. If you do, your blood sugar levels may increase and put you at risk of serious complications like kidney damage and blindness. This medicine is only part of a treatment program that should include a healthy diet, regular exercise and weight reduction as advised by your doctor. The most common side effects of this medicine include nausea, frequent urge to urinate, increased thirst, urinary tract infections and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels). It may cause the body to lose too much water. Drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. Some people may develop fungal infections in the genital area. Maintaining good hygiene can help prevent this. Before taking this medicine, inform your doctor if you have any kidney or liver problems or a urinary tract infection or if you are on water pills (diuretics). Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their doctor before taking it. Avoid excessive alcohol intake while taking it as this may increase the risk of developing some side effects. Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly while taking this medicine. Empagliflozin is an antidiabetic medication. It works by removing excess sugar from your body through urine.

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Empagliflozin is a reversible inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), the main site of filtered glucose re-absorption in the renal proximal convoluted tubules. This reduces re-absorption of filtered glucose and lowers renal threshold for glucose, resulting in increased urinary glucose excretion, thereby reducing blood glucose concentration.

Adult Dose: Oral Type 2 diabetes mellitus Adult: Initially, 10 mg once daily in the morning, may be increased to 25 mg once daily, if necessary for additional glycemic control. Renal Dose: CrCl (mL/min) <45 Contraindicated. <60 Max: 10 mg daily.

Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Empagliflozin may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time.

If you miss a dose of Empagliflozin, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Common: • Frequent urge to urinate • Genital fungal infection • Increased thirst • Nausea • Urinary tract infection

[CAUTION] Your ability to drive may be affected if your blood sugar is too low or too high. Do not drive if these symptoms occur. Empagliflozin is used alone or together with other diabetes medicines to control blood sugar and avoid long-term complications. It may cause your body to lose too much fluid (dehydration) or you may urinate more often. Drink plenty of water and stay hydrated. It may cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level) when used with other antidiabetic medicines, alcohol or if you delay or miss a meal. Always carry some sugary food or fruit juice with you in case you experience hypoglycemia symptoms such as cold sweats, cool pale skin, tremor and anxiety. It can cause genital fungal and/or urinary tract infections (UTIs) in both females and males, so practice good hygiene. Monitor your blood sugar regularly while taking this medicine. Inform your doctor immediately if you experience constant dizziness, joint pain, cold-like symptoms or unexplained nausea/vomiting.

As treatment for type 1 DM or diabetic ketoacidosis. Renal impairment (CrCl <45 mL/min), ESRD, or patients on haemodialysis. Lactation.

Additive hypoglycaemic effect if concomitantly used w/ insulin and insulin secretagogues (e.g. sulfonylureas). Increased risk of dehydration and hypotension when used w/ diuretics (e.g. thiazides, loop diuretics).

[UNSAFE] It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Empagliflozin.

[CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR] Empagliflozin may be unsafe to use during pregnancy. Although there are limited studies in humans, animal studies have shown harmful effects on the developing baby. Your doctor will weigh the benefits and any potential risks before prescribing it to you. Please consult your doctor.

[CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR] Information regarding the use of Empagliflozin during breastfeeding is not available. Please consult your doctor.

[UNSAFE] Empagliflozin is probably unsafe to use in patients with kidney disease and should be avoided. Please consult your doctor. [CAUTION] Empagliflozin should be used with caution in patients with severe liver disease. Dose adjustment of Empagliflozin may be needed. Please consult your doctor.

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