Generic
Nicotinic Acid [Niacin]
3 brands available in the market
At a glance
Nicotinic Acid [Niacin] is a vitamin B3 derivative used to lower high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. It increases HDL (good cholesterol) and decreases LDL, VLDL and triglycerides.
Description
Niacin is proven effective at lowering VLDL, LDL, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels while raising HDL levels. It is prescribed for treatment of cardiovascular disease particularly hyperlipidemias.
Indications
- Primary hypercholesterolemia
- Mixed dyslipidemia
- Very high serum triglyceride levels (Type IV and V hyperlipidemia)
- Reduction of recurrent nonfatal MI in patients with history of MI
Therapeutic class
Vitamin-B3 Preparations
Pharmacological class
Antilipemic Agent
Pharmacology
Niacin lowers VLDL, LDL, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels while raising HDL levels. It is used for treatment of cardiovascular disease particularly hyperlipidemias.
Mechanism of action
Lowers cholesterol and triglyceride levels and increases HDL.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral):
- Initial: 500 mg at bedtime for 1-4 weeks
- Maintenance: 1000-2000 mg/day at bedtime; increase by not more than 500 mg every 4 weeks; not to exceed 2000 mg/day
Administration
- Swallow tablet whole; do not chew, crush or break
- Take at the same time each day at bedtime
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember; skip if it's almost time for next dose; do not double the dose.
Side effects
Side Effects:
- Flushing
- Itching
- Pruritus
- Nausea and GI upset
- Jaundice
- Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Increased blood glucose and uric acid
- Myalgia
Precautions & warnings
- Use with diet, exercise and weight reduction
- Monitor liver function and blood glucose regularly
- Close monitoring in diabetic patients
- Caution in unstable angina or acute phase of MI
- Caution in patients predisposed to gout
- Monitor prothrombin time and platelet counts with anticoagulants
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Significant or unexplained hepatic dysfunction
- Active peptic ulcer disease
- Arterial bleeding
Drug interactions
- May potentiate effects of ganglionic blocking agents and vasoactive drugs
- Aspirin decreases metabolic clearance
- Binding with colestipol and cholestyramine
Food interactions
Take with food for better absorption.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Niacin cannot be used in pregnancy due to lack of information.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Niacin cannot be used in lactation due to lack of information.
Pediatric use
Safety not established in children.
Geriatric use
Elderly may require dose adjustment.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Limited information; caution advised.
Hepatic Impairment: Not recommended in active liver disease; caution.
Overdose effects
Overdose: Nausea, dizziness, itching, vomiting, upset stomach, flushing; supportive measures.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool and dry place, protect from light and moisture; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)