Generic
Vildagliptin
24 brands available in the market
At a glance
Vildagliptin is a medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is used together with a healthy diet and regular exercise to control blood sugar levels. This helps to prevent serious complications of diabetes like kidney damage and blindness.
Description
Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones. Incretin hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are released by the intestine throughout the day, and levels are increased in response to a meal.
Indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Pharmacological class
DPP-4 Inhibitor
Pharmacology
Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. It slows the inactivation of incretin hormones. Incretin hormones, including GLP-1 and GIP, are released by the intestine throughout the day and levels are increased in response to a meal. When blood glucose concentrations are normal or elevated, GLP-1 and GIP increase insulin synthesis and release from pancreatic beta cells. GLP-1 also lowers glucagon secretion.
Mechanism of action
Inhibits DPP-4, increasing incretin hormone levels, which increases insulin release and decreases glucagon levels.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral):
- Monotherapy: 50 mg or 100 mg daily
- Dual combination with Metformin or a Thiazolidinedione: 50 mg twice daily
- Dual combination with a Sulphonylurea: 50 mg once daily in the morning
- Renal impairment: Moderate, severe and ESRD: 50 mg once daily
Administration
- May be taken with or without food
- Swallow whole; do not chew, crush or break
- Take at the same time each day
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible; if almost time for next dose, skip it; do not double the dose.
Drug interactions
- Thiazides, corticosteroids, thyroid products and sympathomimetics: decreased hypoglycaemic effect
Food interactions
It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Vildagliptin.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to vildagliptin
- Moderate to severe renal impairment
- Hepatic impairment (ALT or AST >3x ULN)
- Type 1 diabetes
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Headache
- Common cold
- Cough
- Constipation
- Dizziness
- Sweating
- Hypoglycaemia in combination with insulin or sulphonylurea
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: May be unsafe; animal studies show harmful effects; consult your doctor.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Information not available; consult your doctor.
Precautions & warnings
- May decrease alertness; do not drive
- Take at the same time every day
- May cause hypoglycemia when used with other antidiabetic medicines, alcohol or if you delay or miss a meal; carry sugary food
- Regular monitoring of kidney and liver function may be needed
- Inform doctor if abdominal pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, darkened urine or jaundice occurs
Pediatric use
Not recommended in patients under 18 years of age
Geriatric use
Caution should be exercised in patients aged 75 years and older
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Moderate, severe and ESRD: 50 mg once daily
Hepatic Impairment: Caution needed; regular LFT monitoring recommended; preferably not advised in liver disease
Overdose effects
Symptoms: Hypoglycemia.
Treatment: Supportive care.
Therapeutic class
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor
Storage conditions
Store below 30°C temperature & keep away from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.