At a glance
Diltiazem Hydrochloride is a calcium channel blocker used for the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, and arrhythmias.
Indications
- Chronic stable angina pectoris
- Vasospastic angina
- Essential hypertension
- Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
- Myocardial infarction
- Raynaud's phenomenon
Pharmacology
Diltiazem hydrochloride is a calcium channel antagonist. It is a peripheral and coronary vasodilator with some negative inotropic activity. Diltiazem inhibits cardiac conduction particularly at the sino-atrial and atrioventricular nodes.
Dosage
Adult (Film-coated tablet): 60 mg three times daily; may increase to 180-300 mg/day; max 480 mg/day.
Adult (SR formulation - Hypertension): Initial 90 or 120 mg twice daily; max 360 mg/day.
Adult (SR formulation - Angina): Initial 90 or 120 mg twice daily.
Elderly/Hepatic/Renal impairment: Start with 60 mg twice daily; do not increase if heart rate <50 bpm.
Side effects
Common: Bradycardia, sino-atrial block, atrioventricular block, hypotension, malaise, headache, hot flushes, GI disturbances, edema, hepatitis, depression.
Use in pregnancy
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if potential benefit justifies risk.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
Caution in sick sinus syndrome, 2nd or 3rd degree AV block, severe hypotension, or acute myocardial infarction. Do not stop abruptly without consulting your doctor.
Overdose effects
Treatment of overdose is symptomatic.
Storage conditions
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture.