Glipizide

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) - as an adjunct to diet and exercise

Glipizide lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas, an effect dependent upon functioning beta cells. The extrapancreatic effects of Glipizide are increase in insulin sensitivity and decrease in hepatic glucose production.

Adult Dose:

• Initial: 2.5-5 mg daily as a single dose
• Adjust at intervals of several days in increments of 2.5-5 mg
• Doses >15 mg may be given in 2 divided doses
• Maximum: 40 mg daily

Extended-release tablets:

• Initial: 5 mg/day with breakfast
• Maintenance: 5-10 mg once daily, not to exceed 20 mg/day

Elderly: Initial 2.5 mg once daily

Renal Impairment (GFR <50): Decrease dose by 50%

* Use as directed by the registered physician

Common Side Effects:

• Dizziness
• Diarrhea
• Nervousness
• Tremor
• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
• Flatulence

Other Side Effects:

• Gastrointestinal complaints (nausea, constipation)
• Allergic skin reactions
• Hematologic reactions (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

Use in Pregnancy: Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Discontinue at least one month before expected delivery date.

Precautions:

• All sulfonylurea drugs are capable of producing severe hypoglycemia.
• Irregular meals, skipping meals or fasting may cause hypoglycemia.
• Avoid alcohol (increases hypoglycemia risk).
• Renal or hepatic insufficiency may cause elevated blood levels of Glipizide.
• Elderly, debilitated or malnourished patients are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia.

Overdose: Hypoglycemia may occur. Mild hypoglycemia: oral glucose and dose adjustment. Severe hypoglycemia: IV glucose, glucagon. Monitor for at least 24-48 hours.

Storage: Keep below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.