৳ 150/unit
Pack: ৳ 150
৳ 150/unit
Pack: ৳ 150
At a glance
Caffeine Citrate is a methylxanthine medication used in the treatment of apnea of prematurity in premature infants. It stimulates the central nervous system and activates the respiratory center to regulate breathing.
Indications
- Apnea of prematurity
Pharmacology
Caffeine Citrate is a methylxanthine that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. It stimulates the central nervous system, activates the respiratory center, increases minute ventilation, and reduces diaphragmatic fatigue. In apnea of prematurity, it increases respiratory rate and depth, reducing the frequency of apneic episodes.
Dosage
Loading Dose: 20 mg/kg (Caffeine Citrate), IV infusion (over 30 minutes) using a syringe infusion pump. Frequency: Once.
Maintenance Dose: 5 mg/kg (Caffeine Citrate), IV infusion (over 10 minutes) using a syringe infusion pump. Frequency: Every 24 hours (beginning 24 hours after the loading dose).
Treatment duration: Limited to 10-12 days in clinical trials; long-term safety and efficacy have not been established.
Note: Discard vials containing visible particulate matter. For single use only; discard any unused solution.
Side effects
Rare side effects: Sepsis, hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, gastritis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, acidosis, cerebral hemorrhage, dyspnea, lung edema, dry skin, rash, skin breakdown, kidney failure.
Overdose symptoms (serum levels >50 mg/L): Fever, tachypnea, insomnia, tremor, hypertonia, seizures, vomiting, hyperglycemia, elevated BUN, elevated total leukocyte concentration.
Use in pregnancy
May be unsafe during pregnancy (Category C). Animal studies have shown harmful effects on the developing baby. Use only if clearly needed.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
- For use only in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) by trained healthcare professionals.
- Use with caution in infants with seizure disorders, cardiovascular disease, and impaired renal or hepatic function.
- Monitor serum caffeine concentrations and adjust dose to avoid toxicity.
- Mothers of infants receiving Caffeine Citrate should avoid caffeine-containing foods, beverages, or medicinal products (caffeine is excreted into breast milk).
Overdose effects
Serious toxicity has been associated with serum levels >50 mg/L. Signs and symptoms: Fever, tachypnea, insomnia, tremor, hypertonia, seizures, vomiting, hyperglycemia, elevated BUN, elevated total leukocyte concentration. Exchange transfusions may decrease caffeine levels. Seizures may be treated with IV diazepam or pentobarbital sodium.
Storage conditions
Do not store above 30°C. Keep away from light. Keep out of reach of children.