৳ 0.61/unit
Pack: ৳ 0.61
৳ 0.61/unit
Pack: ৳ 0.61
At a glance
Isoniazid is an antibiotic used for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection.
Indications
- Active tuberculosis disease
- Latent tuberculosis infection
Pharmacology
Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycoloic acids in susceptible bacteria which results in loss of acid-fastness and disruption of bacterial cell wall. At therapeutic levels, it is bactericidal against actively growing intracellular and extracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral):
- Active TB: 5 mg/kg PO qDay (max 300 mg/day) OR 15 mg/kg (max 900 mg) 1-3 times/week
- Latent TB (>30 kg): 300 mg PO qDay x 9 months
- Used in multi-drug regimen with rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
Child Dose (Oral):
- Active TB: 10-15 mg/kg PO qDay (max 300 mg/day) OR 20-30 mg/kg (max 900 mg) 2 times/week
- Latent TB: 10-15 mg/kg PO qDay (max 300 mg/day)
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Peripheral neuropathy (tingling and numbness of feet and hand)
- Increased liver enzymes
- Hepatitis (viral infection of liver)
- Jaundice
Others: Seizures, mental health problems, optic neuritis (may cause loss of vision)
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: May be unsafe; animal studies have shown harmful effects; doctor will weigh benefits and risks.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
Precautions:
- Isoniazid may affect your ability to drive (seizures, mental problems, optic neuritis)
- Inform doctor if signs of jaundice (yellowing of eyes or skin, dark urine, stomach pain, joint pain)
- Regular liver function monitoring required
- Avoid alcohol (additional adverse effects on liver)
- Take vitamin B6 supplement (to prevent peripheral neuropathy)
- Not recommended in severe liver disease
Overdose effects
Overdose: Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision, confusion, seizures, coma; gastric lavage, activated charcoal; pyridoxine administration (to prevent seizures); hemodialysis may be effective.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool and dry place, away from light & moisture; keep out of reach of children.