৳ 32/unit
Pack: ৳ 160
৳ 32/unit
Pack: ৳ 160
At a glance
Bupivacaine + Dextrose is an intraspinal injection used for intrathecal (subarachnoid, spinal) anesthesia for surgical and obstetrical procedures, including lower abdominal surgery (Caesarean section), urological, and lower limb surgery lasting 1.5 to 3 hours.
Indications
- Lower abdominal surgery (including Caesarean section)
- Urological surgery
- Lower limb and hip surgery (lasting 1.5-3 hours)
- Intrathecal (subarachnoid, spinal) anesthesia
- Surgical and obstetrical procedures
Pharmacology
Bupivacaine is a long-acting amide-type local anesthetic that works by blocking sodium channels in neuronal cell membranes. It reduces neuronal membrane permeability to Na⁺ ions, inhibiting depolarization and blocking both the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose is a monosaccharide used as a source of calories and water for hydration, reducing loss of body protein and nitrogen, and promoting glycogen deposition in the liver.
Dosage
Adults (Spinal anesthesia): 2-4 mL (10-20 mg Bupivacaine hydrochloride). Use the lowest dose required for adequate anesthesia, considering patient's physical status and concomitant medication. Reduce dose in elderly and late-stage pregnancy patients.
Children: Higher dose/kg required due to relatively high CSF volume in infants and neonates:
<5 kg: 0.40-0.50 mg/kg
5-15 kg: 0.30-0.40 mg/kg
15-40 kg: 0.25-0.30 mg/kg
Duration: Motor blockade of abdominal muscles lasts 1.5-2 hours; analgesia duration is 3-5 hours.
Note: Ampoules are for single use only; discard unused portions. Use solution immediately after opening. Do not use discolored solutions.
Side effects
CNS effects: Excitation (restlessness, dizziness, tinnitus, tremors) may be followed by depression (seizures, respiratory arrest).
Cardiovascular: Hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest.
Other: Methemoglobinemia, hypersensitivity reactions, prolonged block, edema, headache, hypoventilation, nausea, nervousness, palpitations, respiratory arrest, tachycardia, vomiting.
Potentially Fatal: Cardiac and sudden respiratory arrest.
Use in pregnancy
May be unsafe during pregnancy (Category C). Reduce dose in late-stage pregnancy. Many pregnant women have received this drug; no specific disturbances to the reproductive process (e.g., increased malformations) have been reported.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
- For use by trained healthcare professionals only.
- Caution in hepatic disease, cardiovascular disease, children <12 years, pregnancy, elderly, and debilitated patients.
- Local anesthetics react with certain metals, releasing ions that may cause severe local irritation.
- Ampoules are for single use only; discard unused portions.
- Use solution immediately after opening. Do not use discolored solutions.
- Caution/contraindicated in active spinal diseases, recent trauma, meningitis, tumors, poliomyelitis, cranial hemorrhage, demyelinating disease, raised intracranial pressure, spinal stenosis.
Overdose effects
Systemic toxicity: Extremely unlikely with spinal anesthesia doses (20% or less of epidural doses); no reports. Accidental intravascular injection: toxic effects within 1-3 minutes. Overdose: peak plasma concentrations at 20-30 minutes; delayed toxic signs. Toxic reactions mainly involve CNS and cardiovascular systems.
Storage conditions
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light.