৳ 6/unit
Pack: ৳ 6
৳ 6/unit
Pack: ৳ 6
At a glance
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) is an essential vitamin used for the treatment of pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, macrocytic anemia, and other related conditions.
Indications
- Pernicious anemia
- Vitamin B12 deficiency (low intake from food)
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Hemorrhagic anemia
- Malignancy-associated anemia
- Liver or kidney disease-related B12 deficiency
- Post-gastric bypass surgery or gastrectomy
- Gluten enteropathy or sprue
- Folic acid deficiency
- Macrocytic anemia
Pharmacology
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is required for the maintenance of normal erythropoiesis, nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis, cell reproduction and normal growth. It is a coenzyme; metabolic functions include protein synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Plays a role in cell replication and hematopoiesis.
Dosage
Adult Dose (IM - Pernicious or Macrocytic Anemia): 250-1000 mcg, given on alternate days for 1-2 weeks, then 250 mcg weekly until blood count returns to normal. Maintenance doses: 1000 mcg, given every month.
Hepatic Dose: Increased requirement in hepatic impairment.
Renal Dose: Increased requirement in renal impairment.
Side effects
Common Side Effects (>10%):
- Arthralgia (joint pain) (12%)
- Dizziness (12%)
- Headache (12%)
- Nasopharyngitis (12%)
Other Side Effects:
- Anaphylaxis
- Angioedema
- Congestive heart failure
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Pulmonary edema
- Diarrhea
- Dyspepsia
- Polycythemia vera
- Sore throat
- Nervousness
- Rhinitis
- Glossitis
- Hypoesthesia
Use in pregnancy
Pregnancy Category: A (for doses up to RDA); C (for doses exceeding RDA and for intranasal products).
Pregnancy Category: A — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Precautions & warnings
- Intensive treatment of B12-deficient megaloblastic anemia may cause hypokalemia and sudden death.
- Nasal disease: Defer use until symptoms resolve.
- Use with caution in patients with Leber optic nerve atrophy.
- Thrombocytosis may occur with treatment of severe vitamin B12 megaloblastic anemia.
Overdose effects
Information on Vitamin B12 overdosage is not available. Overdose is generally not toxic as it is water-soluble and excess is excreted in urine.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool and dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.