Generic
Iopamidol
8 brands available in the market
At a glance
Iopamidol is a contrast agent used to enhance visibility of blood vessels and non-bony structures before an X-ray test or CT scan.
Description
Iopamidol is a nonionic iodinated radiographic contrast medium. It allows visualization of internal body structures by opacifying the path of its flow. It is used in neuroradiology, angiography, urography, CT scanning contrast enhancement, arthrography, and fistulography.
Indications
- Neuroradiology (lumbar myelography, thoraco-cervical myelography)
- Angiography (cerebral angiography, selective coronary angiography, left ventriculography, aortography, angiocardiography)
- Urography
- CT scanning contrast enhancement
- Arthrography
- Fistulography
Therapeutic class
Contrast medium for diagnostic procedures
Pharmacological class
Radiographic Contrast Agent (Non-ionic)
Pharmacology
Iopamidol is an organic iodine compound used as a non-ionic water soluble radiographic contrast medium. It blocks X-rays as they pass through the body, thereby allowing body structures not containing iodine to be visualized. The degree of opacity produced by Iopamidol is directly proportional to the total amount of the iodinated contrast agent in the path of the X-rays.
Mechanism of action
Allows radiographic visualization by blocking X-rays and opacifying the path of its flow.
Dosage
Adult Dose:
- Neuroradiology (Lumbar/Thoraco-cervical myelography): Iopamidol 370, 6-13 mL
- Cerebral Angiography: Iopamidol 300, 8-12 mL; Iopamidol 370, 6-13 mL
- Selective Coronary Arteriography: Iopamidol 370, 4-8 mL/artery
- Left Ventriculography: Iopamidol 370, 25-50 mL
- Urography: Iopamidol 300, 50 mL IV OR Iopamidol 370, 40 mL IV
- CT Scanning (Head/Body): Iopamidol 300, 100-200 mL IV
Child Dose:
- Angiocardiography (370 mg/mL): <2 years: 10-15 mL IV; 2-9 years: 15-30 mL IV; 10-18 years: 20-50 mL IV
- CT Scanning/Urography: 1-3 mL/kg IV; not to exceed 30 g iodine
Administration
Administered by doctor or nurse as injection only; do not self administer; intrathecal (myelography), intravascular (angiography) or intravenous (urography, CT) administration; draw into syringe immediately before use.
Missed dose
Not applicable (given before imaging test); important to take at time advised by doctor; if missed, test results can be inaccurate.
Side effects
Side Effects:
- Injection site reactions (pain, swelling, redness)
- Nausea
- Hot flashes
- Arrhythmias, arterial spasm, flushing, vasodilatation
- Dizziness, confusion, paresthesia, visual disturbances, seizure, paralysis, coma
- Coughing, sneezing, rhinitis, asthma, apnea, laryngeal edema
- Muscle spasm
- Severe anaphylactoid reactions (Potentially Fatal)
Precautions & warnings
Precautions:
- Iopamidol does not usually affect your ability to drive
- In myelography, keep patient hydrated and bed head raised
- Patients taking Metformin should stop 48 hours before and after X-ray examination
- Caution in severe liver and kidney disease
- Biguanide oral anti-diabetic agents (Metformin) compete with contrast media for excretion in kidneys
Contraindications
Contraindications:
- Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia
- Multiple myeloma
- Severe liver and kidney disease
- Not for intrathecal use
Drug interactions
Drug Interactions:
- May interfere with thyroid function tests
- Biguanide oral anti-diabetic agents (Metformin) compete with contrast media for excretion in kidneys
Food interactions
Food Interactions: Caution is advised when consuming alcohol with Iopamidol; consult your doctor.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Iopamidol injection should be administered only if procedure is considered essential by physician; teratogenicity studies in rats and rabbits showed no influence.
Pregnancy Category: B — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Probably safe; limited human data suggests drug does not represent significant risk to baby.
Pediatric use
Pediatric doses provided for angiocardiography, CT scanning and urography above.
Geriatric use
No specific data for elderly; however caution advised.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Caution in severe kidney disease; dose adjustment may be needed; caution with Metformin patients.
Hepatic Impairment: Caution in severe liver disease; dose adjustment may be needed.
Overdose effects
Overdose: Treatment is directed toward support of all vital functions and prompt institution of symptomatic therapy.
Storage conditions
Store away from light below 30°C; if crystallization occurs, do not use; use immediately after opening; discard any residue.
Chemical structure
Iopamidol