Generic
Omarigliptin
13 brands available in the market
At a glance
Omarigliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor used for type 2 diabetes. It inhibits degradation of incretin hormones to increase insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels, controlling blood glucose.
Description
Omarigliptin is a long-acting inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme. DPP-4 rapidly degrades incretin hormones. Incretins lower blood glucose concentrations by increasing insulin and decreasing glucagon levels in a glucose-dependent manner. Omarigliptin augments the action of incretin hormones.
Indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (monotherapy or add-on therapy)
Therapeutic class
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor
Pharmacological class
DPP-4 Inhibitor
Pharmacology
Omarigliptin inhibits DPP-4 enzyme to prevent degradation of incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP). It increases insulin secretion and decreases glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, reducing blood glucose levels.
Mechanism of action
Controls blood glucose by augmenting incretin hormone action.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral):
- 25 mg once weekly
- Severe renal impairment/ESRD (Men: CrCl >1.9; Women: CrCl >1.4): 12.5 mg once weekly
Administration
- Take orally
- Take at the same time each day
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible; then follow regular weekly schedule; do not take two doses at once.
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Nasopharyngitis
- Hypoglycemia
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Gastrointestinal problems
- Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Precautions & warnings
- Risk of hypoglycemia in pituitary dysfunction, adrenal insufficiency, malnutrition, irregular dietary intake, excessive alcohol, elderly
- Caution in aerial work or driving
- Monitor blood glucose regularly in diabetic patients
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Severe ketosis, diabetic coma or precoma (type 1 diabetes)
- Severe infection (requiring insulin injection)
- Before and after surgery
- Severe trauma
Drug interactions
- Interacts with metformin, glimepiride, oral contraceptives, atorvastatin
- Other anti-diabetic drugs (especially insulin or sulfonylurea) may cause hypoglycemia
- Caution with drugs that enhance hypoglycemic action (β-blockers, salicylic acid, MAOIs)
- Monitor glucose with drugs that attenuate hypoglycemic action (adrenaline, ACTH, thyroid hormone)
Food interactions
Alcohol may increase risk of hypoglycemia; avoid.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Clinical trials not performed in pregnant women; use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk.
Pregnancy Category: B — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Breastfeeding should be avoided in mothers taking omarigliptin.
Pediatric use
Safety and efficacy not established in children and adolescents.
Geriatric use
Caution in elderly due to risk of hypoglycemia.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Severe renal dysfunction: 12.5 mg once weekly; dose adjustment recommended.
Hepatic Impairment: Safe in liver disease; dose adjustment recommended.
Overdose effects
No data on overdose; supportive care advised.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool (below 30°C) and dry place, protected from light; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Omarigliptin