Generic
Oral Cholera Vaccine
2 brands available in the market
At a glance
Oral Cholera Vaccine is used for active immunization against Vibrio cholerae. It is administered to individuals above 1 year of age and is effective in preventing cholera infection.
Description
Oral Cholera Vaccine is a white or brownish suspension containing V. cholerae O139 and O1 (serotype Inaba and Ogawa) inactivated by heat and formaldehyde. The vaccine is for oral administration and should not be administered parenterally. The primary immunization schedule consists of two doses given at least two weeks apart.
Indications
- Active immunization against Vibrio cholerae
- Prevention of cholera in individuals 1 year and above
Therapeutic class
Vaccines, Anti-sera & Immunoglobulin
Pharmacological class
Inactivated Oral Vaccine
Pharmacology
Oral Cholera Vaccine contains V. cholerae O1 (Inaba and Ogawa) and O139 strains inactivated by heat and formaldehyde. After oral administration, it induces local immunity in the intestinal mucosa providing protection against Vibrio cholerae.
Mechanism of action
Prevents cholera infection by inducing immunity against Vibrio cholerae.
Dosage
Adults and Children (>1 year):
- Primary vaccination: 1.5 ml (1 dose) orally, 2 doses at 2-week intervals
- Onset of protection: 7-10 days after completion of primary series
Administration
- Shake vigorously before use
- Pour 1.5 ml into the recipient's mouth
- May be followed by water to facilitate swallowing if needed
- May be administered with disposable syringe (without needle)
- Do not administer parenterally (IM/SC/IV)
Missed dose
Not generally applicable (scheduled administration); consult doctor if needed.
Side effects
Side Effects:
- Acute gastroenteritis
- Diarrhea
- Fever
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Itching
- Rash
- Nausea
- Weakness
- Cough
- Vertigo
- Dry mouth
- Oral ulcer (rare)
- Sore throat (rare)
- Yellowing of urine (rare)
Incidence of adverse events less after second dose compared to first.
Precautions & warnings
- Vaccination should be delayed in acute febrile illness or acute GI illness
- Not recommended for children <2 years
- Immunocompromised patients may not obtain expected immune response
- Vaccine does not provide 100% protection; additional preventive measures
- Medical observation for at least 30 minutes after vaccination
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Known hypersensitivity to formaldehyde (caution)
- Acute stomach disorder or infection with fever (postpone vaccination)
Drug interactions
- Not to be used within 3 weeks of immunoglobulin administration
- Reduced response may occur in patients receiving immunosuppressant treatment (antineoplastics, corticosteroids)
- Oral encapsulated typhoid vaccine should not be administered within 8 hours of cholera vaccine
Food interactions
No food interactions.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: No specific clinical studies performed; may be considered after careful evaluation of benefits and risks in emergency or epidemic.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: No specific clinical studies performed; may be considered after careful evaluation of benefits and risks in emergency or epidemic.
Pediatric use
Safety and efficacy data not available for infants <1 year; indicated for children 1 year+.
Geriatric use
Elderly may require dose adjustment.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Caution in kidney disease; dose adjustment may be needed.
Hepatic Impairment: Caution in liver disease; dose adjustment may be needed.
Overdose effects
No information on overdose; symptomatic treatment.
Storage conditions
Store at +2°C to +8°C; transport also at +2°C to +8°C; do not freeze; discard if frozen; protect from light.
Chemical structure
Oral Cholera Vaccine