Generic
Perindopril + Amlodipine
2 brands available in the market
At a glance
Perindopril + Amlodipine is a combination medicine used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) when a single medication is not effective. It relaxes blood vessels so that blood flows more smoothly and the heart can pump blood more efficiently.
Description
Perindopril is an ACE inhibitor which prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, thereby increasing plasma renin activity and decreasing vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion. Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker that inhibits transmembrane influx of Ca ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, causing vasodilation.
Indications
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Therapeutic class
Combined antihypertensive preparations
Pharmacological class
ACE Inhibitor + Calcium Channel Blocker
Pharmacology
Perindopril inhibits ACE, reducing angiotensin II production, resulting in decreased vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion. Amlodipine blocks calcium channels, relaxing vascular smooth muscle and reducing peripheral vascular resistance.
Mechanism of action
Lowers blood pressure by inhibiting ACE to reduce angiotensin II and blocking calcium channels to cause vasodilation.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral):
- Hypertension: 4 mg/5 mg tablet once daily
- Adjust dose according to blood pressure goals; wait 7-14 days between titration steps
- Maximum: 14 mg/10 mg once daily
- Renal impairment (CrCl 30-80 mL/min): Do not exceed 7/5 mg
- CrCl <30 mL/min: Not recommended
Administration
- Take on an empty stomach
- Swallow tablet whole; do not chew, crush or break
- Take at the same time each morning
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember; skip if it's almost time for next dose; do not double the dose.
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Ankle swelling
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Palpitations
- Increased potassium level in blood
- Sleepiness
- Cough
- Taste change
- Flushing
- Decreased blood pressure
- Upset stomach
Precautions & warnings
- May affect driving ability; do not drive if dizziness or weakness occurs
- Do not use during pregnancy and lactation
- Do not use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes or renal impairment
- Monitor renal function, blood pressure, and electrolyte levels
Contraindications
- History of idiopathic angioedema
- Severe hypotension, shock (e.g., cardiogenic shock)
- LVOT obstruction (e.g., high grade aortic stenosis)
- Heart failure after acute MI
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes or renal impairment
Drug interactions
- Antihypertensive agents (β-blockers, diuretics, vasodilators): Increased hypotensive effects
- Lithium: May increase serum levels and toxicity
- NSAIDs: May worsen renal function; decreased antihypertensive effect
- Insulin or sulfonamides: Increased hypoglycemic effect
- mTOR inhibitors (sirolimus, everolimus): Increased risk of angioedema
Food interactions
Alcohol consumption with Perindopril + Amlodipine is unsafe.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Unsafe during pregnancy; definite evidence of risk to the developing baby. Discontinue immediately if pregnancy is diagnosed.
Pregnancy Category: D — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Probably safe; limited human data suggests no significant risk to the baby.
Pediatric use
Safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients.
Geriatric use
Caution required in elderly patients; dose adjustment may be needed.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: CrCl 30-80 mL/min: Do not exceed 7/5 mg; CrCl <30 mL/min: Not recommended; consult your doctor.
Hepatic Impairment: Caution in liver disease; no data to guide dosing recommendations; inform doctor if signs of jaundice occur.
Overdose effects
No overdose information available; consult your doctor if taken in excess.
Storage conditions
Store in a dry place below 25°C; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Perindopril + Amlodipine