Generic
Prochlorperazine Mesilate
6 brands available in the market
At a glance
Prochlorperazine Mesilate is a dopamine antagonist used for nausea, vomiting, Meniere's disease vertigo, and schizophrenia. It blocks dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone for antiemetic effects and mesolimbic dopamine receptors for antipsychotic effects.
Description
Prochlorperazine is a phenothiazine derivative that blocks dopamine receptors in the brain. Antiemetic effect: Blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and vagus nerve in the GI tract. Antipsychotic effect: Blocks mesolimbic dopamine receptors and α-adrenergic receptors (D1 and D2) in the brain.
Indications
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Vertigo
- Meniere's disease
- Schizophrenia
Therapeutic class
Anti vertigo drugs, Anti-emetic drugs
Pharmacological class
Phenothiazine (Dopamine Antagonist)
Pharmacology
Prochlorperazine blocks dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone for antiemetic effects and mesolimbic dopamine receptors for antipsychotic effects. It also blocks α-adrenergic receptors in the brain.
Mechanism of action
Controls nausea, vomiting, and psychosis symptoms by blocking dopamine receptors.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral):
- Antiemetic prophylaxis: 5-10 mg 2-3 times daily
- Nausea/vomiting: 20 mg, repeat if needed
- Psychosis: 12.5 mg twice daily for 7 days, gradually increase to 75-100 mg/day; maintenance 25-50 mg/day
- Severe anxiety: 5-10 mg up to 3-4 times daily
- Vertigo: 15-30 mg/day in divided doses; reduce to 5-10 mg/day
Parenteral (IV/IM):
- Nausea/vomiting: 12.5 mg deep IM; oral doses if needed
- Psychosis: 12.5-25 mg deep IM 2-3 times daily
Pediatric Dose (Oral):
- Psychosis (1-5 years): 1.25-2.5 mg; (5-12 years): 2.5-5 mg; up to 3 times daily if needed
Administration
- Take with food
- Swallow tablet whole; do not chew, crush, or break
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember; skip if it's almost time for next dose; do not double the dose.
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Drowsiness
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Muscle spasms
- Tongue movements
- Restlessness
- Tremors
- Skin rash
Precautions & warnings
- May affect driving ability; do not drive if drowsy or dizzy
- Avoid alcohol (excessive drowsiness)
- May increase sensitivity to sunlight; avoid prolonged sun exposure
- May reduce sweating (risk of heatstroke)
Contraindications
- CNS depression, coma
- Bone marrow depression
- Pheochromocytoma
- Prolactin-dependent tumors
- Hypersensitivity
- Children under 2 years
- Pregnancy and lactation
Drug interactions
- Alcohol, barbiturates, other sedatives: Increased CNS depression
- Antihistamines, TCAs, parkinsonism drugs: Additive anticholinergic effects
- Guanethidine: May reduce antihypertensive effect
- Drugs that prolong QT interval: Increased risk of arrhythmias
- Potentially fatal: Alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, barbiturates, opioids, antihistamines, general anesthetics: Potentiation of CNS depression
Food interactions
Alcohol consumption with Prochlorperazine Mesilate is unsafe.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Information regarding use during pregnancy is not available; consult your doctor.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Probably unsafe; may pass into breast milk in small amounts; occasional short-term use for nausea poses little risk to infant.
Pediatric use
Do not use in children under 2 years.
Geriatric use
Elderly patients require lower doses; consult your doctor.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Caution in kidney disease; dose adjustment may be needed; consult your doctor.
Hepatic Impairment: Caution in liver disease; dose adjustment may be needed; consult your doctor.
Overdose effects
Overdose: Deep sleep, coma, extrapyramidal symptoms, abnormal involuntary muscle movements, hypotension.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool and dry place; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Prochlorperazine Mesilate