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Miglitol is a medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps control the high blood sugar levels in your body after each meal. It is used when other similar medicines along with a restricted diet, are unable to control abnormally high blood sugar levels. Miglitol should be taken just before a meal or along with the first mouthful of food. The dose and how often you need it will be decided by your doctor so that you get the right amount to control your blood sugar levels. The dose may be increased gradually. Do not stop taking it without consulting your doctor. If you do, your blood sugar levels may increase and put you at risk of serious complications like kidney damage and blindness. This medicine is only part of a treatment program that should also include a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight reduction as advised by your doctor. Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly while taking this medicine. The most common side effects of this medicine include skin rash, flatulence (gas), stomach pain, and diarrhea. Please consult your doctor if these bother you or do not go away. This medicine by itself does not cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels). However, when used in combination with other diabetes medicines (especially insulin or sulphonylureas), it can lead to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels). Such episodes of hypoglycemia should be treated by taking plain glucose. Table sugar or common sugar will not help correct low blood sugar levels if you are taking this medicine. Before taking it, let your doctor know if you have any kidney or liver problems. Do not take this medicine if you have ulceration or inflammation in the bowel (eg. ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease). Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their doctor before taking it. Please tell your doctor about all the other medicines you are taking to make sure you are safe. Avoid excessive alcohol intake while taking this medicine as it may increase the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels). Miglitol is an anti-diabetic medicine. It inhibits the intestinal enzymes responsible for breaking complex sugars into simple sugars such as glucose. This prevents blood glucose levels from rising very high immediately after meals.

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Miglitol reversibly inhibits membrane-bound intestinal ?-glucosidase enzymes which hydrolyse oligosaccharides and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the small intestinal brush border. It delays carbohydrate breakdown, glucose absorption and reduces postprandial hyperglycaemia.

Adult Dose: Oral Type 2 diabetes mellitus Adult: Initially, 25 mg tid. Increase if necessary after 4-8 wk to 50 mg tid and continue for 3 mth. Max: 100 mg tid. Hepatic Impairment No admustment necessary Child Dose: Safety & efficacy not established Renal Dose: Renal Impairment Mild-moderate impairment: No dosage adjustment Severe impairment: Not recommended

Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Miglitol is to be taken with food.

If you miss a dose of Miglitol, skip it and continue with your normal schedule. Do not double the dose.

Common: • Skin rash • Flatulence • Abdominal pain • Diarrhea

[SAFE] Miglitol does not usually affect your ability to drive. Miglitol lowers your post-meal blood sugar levels. Therefore, it should be taken before meals. Side effects such as stomach pain, gas, and diarrhea may occur during the first few weeks of treatment but should get better with time.

Patient w/ diabetic ketoacidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, colonic ulceration, partial intestinal obstruction or predisposition to this condition, chronic intestinal diseases associated w/ marked disorders of digestion or absorption and co-existing conditions that may deteriorate as a result of increased intestinal gas formation.

Concomitant use w/ insulin increases the risk of hypoglycaemia. Intestinal adsorbents (e.g. charcoal) and carbohydrate-splitting digestive enzyme supplements (e.g. amylase, pancreatin) may reduce glycaemic effects. May significantly reduce the bioavailability of ranitidine and propranolol.

[UNSAFE] It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Miglitol.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Miglitol is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy. Animal studies have shown low or no adverse effects to the developing baby; however, there are limited human studies.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Miglitol is probably safe to use during breastfeeding. Limited human data suggests that the drug does not represent any significant risk to the baby.

[CAUTION] Miglitol should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. Dose adjustment of Miglitol may be needed. Please consult your doctor. Use of Miglitol is not recommended in patients with severe kidney disease. [SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Miglitol is probably safe to use in patients with liver disease. Limited data available suggests that dose adjustment of Miglitol may not be needed in these patients. Please consult your doctor.

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