Generic
Kanamycin
1 brands available in the market
At a glance
Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used for serious bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, bone and joint infections, pneumonia, and resistant tuberculosis.
Description
Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacteria, inhibiting protein synthesis and killing bacteria. It is used for serious bacterial infections of the urinary tract, bones and joints, lungs (pneumonia), blood, and for the treatment of resistant tuberculosis.
Indications
- Serious bacterial infections (urinary tract, bone and joint, lungs, blood)
- Resistant tuberculosis (TB)
Therapeutic class
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic
Pharmacological class
Aminoglycoside
Pharmacology
Kanamycin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic that binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. It disrupts bacterial cell wall formation and causes bacterial cell death. It is effective against many gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria.
Mechanism of action
Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis and cause bacterial cell death.
Dosage
Adult Dose (IV/IM):
- 5-7.5 mg/kg/dose divided q8-12hr; max 15 mg/kg/day
- Aerosol: 250 mg q6-12hr by nebulization
Renal Dose:
- CrCl 50-80 mL/min: 60-90% of usual dose or q8-12hr
- CrCl 10-50 mL/min: 30-70% of usual dose or q12hr
- CrCl <10 mL/min: 20-30% of usual dose or q24-48hr
Child Dose: Safety and efficacy not established
Administration
Administered by doctor or nurse as IV infusion or IM injection only; do not self administer; administer slowly; ensure adequate hydration during treatment.
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, please consult your doctor.
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Hearing loss (ototoxicity)
- Balance disorder (vestibular toxicity)
- Injection site pain
- Renal impairment (nephrotoxicity)
Others: Hypersensitivity reactions (fever, pruritus, exanthema, eosinophilia, angioedema, contact dermatitis, urticaria)
Precautions & warnings
Precautions:
- Kanamycin may decrease alertness and cause dizziness; do not drive if these symptoms occur
- Regular blood, urine, or hearing tests required
- Adequate hydration before and during treatment
- Not recommended during pregnancy
- Discontinue immediately if rash, itching, facial swelling, or breathing difficulty occurs
Contraindications
Contraindications:
- Documented hypersensitivity
Drug interactions
Drug Interactions:
- Enhanced nephrotoxic effect with methoxyflurane, cephalosporins, loop diuretics
- Enhanced ototoxic effect with other ototoxic drugs
- Enhanced neuromuscular blocking effect of muscle relaxants
- Inactivated in solution by beta-lactam antibiotics
Food interactions
Food Interactions: Consuming alcohol with Kanamycin does not cause any harmful side effects.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Unsafe during pregnancy; definite evidence of risk to developing baby; may be used in life-threatening situations if benefits outweigh risks.
Pregnancy Category: D — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Probably safe; limited human data suggests drug does not represent significant risk to baby.
Pediatric use
Safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients.
Geriatric use
No specific data for elderly; however caution advised due to higher likelihood of decreased renal function.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Caution in kidney disease; dose adjustment may be needed; regular kidney function tests required.
Hepatic Impairment: Limited information available; consult your doctor.
Overdose effects
Overdose: Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade may occur; hemodialysis may be effective; symptomatic supportive treatment.
Storage conditions
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Kanamycin