Anhydrous Glucose + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Bicarbonate

Anhydrous Glucose + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Bicarbonate (Oral Rehydration Salts) is used to prevent and treat dehydration caused by acute diarrhea. Essential water and salts are lost in stools and vomitus, and dehydration results when blood volume decreases due to fluid loss from the extracellular fluid compartment.

The preservation of the glucose-sodium cotransport system in the small-bowel mucosa is the rationale of oral rehydration therapy. Glucose is actively absorbed in the normal intestine and carries sodium with it in about an equimolar ratio. Therefore, there is greater net absorption of an isotonic salt solution with glucose than one without it.

Potassium replacement during acute diarrhea prevents below-normal serum concentrations of potassium, especially in children. Bicarbonates are effective in correcting the metabolic acidosis caused by diarrhea and dehydration.

• Dehydration due to acute diarrhea
• Gastro-enteritis with dehydration
• Prolonged vomiting
• Burns with gastric fistula
• Pulmonary hemorrhage
• Intestinal bleeding

Oral rehydration salts are given orally to prevent or treat dehydration due to acute diarrhoea. Essential water and salts are lost in stools and vomitus, and dehydration results when blood volume is decreased because of fluid loss from the extracellular fluid compartment.

Preservation of the facilitated glucose-sodium cotransport system in the small-bowel mucosa is the rationale of oral rehydration therapy. Glucose is actively absorbed in the normal intestine and carries sodium with it in about an equimolar ratio. Therefore, there is greater net absorption of an isotonic salt solution with glucose than one without it.

Potassium replacement during acute diarrhoea prevents below-normal serum concentrations of potassium, especially in children, in whom stool potassium losses are higher than in adults. Bicarbonates are effective in correcting the metabolic acidosis caused by diarrhoea and dehydration.

The glucose-sodium cotransporter (SGLT1) in the small intestinal mucosa transports sodium along with glucose. Glucose is actively absorbed, and sodium and water passively follow. This process enhances water and electrolyte absorption in glucose-containing solutions, helping prevent dehydration.

Adult: 200-400 mL of prepared saline after each loose stool or vomiting.

Children (above 10 years): 200-400 mL of prepared saline after each loose stool or vomiting.

Children (2-10 years): 100-200 mL of prepared saline after each loose stool or vomiting.

Children (below 2 years): 50-100 mL (10-20 spoonful) after each loose stool or vomiting.

Special Instructions: Severe continuing diarrhoea or other critical fluid losses may need supplementation with parenteral fluids. Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus. Solutions containing acetate or gluconate ions should be used with caution as excess administration may result in metabolic alkalosis.

Dissolve the powder in the specified amount of water (usually 1 liter) as per packet instructions. Use the prepared solution within 24 hours. Take the prescribed amount after each loose stool or vomiting. Drink slowly in small sips.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

No significant side effects at recommended dosage. Overdose may cause electrolyte imbalance.

Precautions:

• Caution in depressed renal function
• Severe continuing diarrhoea may need parenteral fluids
• Consult doctor in critical fluid losses
• Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus
• Solutions containing acetate or gluconate ions should be used with caution (excess may cause metabolic alkalosis)

No known contraindications. However, severe renal failure, anuria, or severe electrolyte imbalance requires medical supervision.

No significant drug interactions known.

Can be taken with or without food.

Safe to use during pregnancy for prevention of dehydration. Consult your doctor.

Safe to use during breastfeeding for prevention of dehydration.

Children: Below 2 years: 50-100 mL, 2-10 years: 100-200 mL, Above 10 years: 200-400 mL after each loose stool or vomiting.

Elderly patients may have decreased renal function, so use with caution.

[CAUTION] Use with caution in patients with kidney disease. Consult your doctor in severe renal impairment.

[CAUTION] Generally safe in liver disease, but consult your doctor.

Overdose may cause electrolyte imbalance, hypernatremia, or hyperkalemia. Consult your doctor if symptoms occur.

Store below 30°C in a cool, dry place. Prepared solution should be used within 24 hours. Keep out of reach of children.