Generic
Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1)
10 brands available in the market
At a glance
Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) is used for the treatment of vitamin K deficiency and bleeding caused by over-anticoagulation with warfarin. It promotes hepatic synthesis of clotting factors, normalizing the blood clotting process.
Description
Phytomenadione is a synthetic form of vitamin K that promotes hepatic synthesis of prothrombin and other clotting factors (VII, IX, X). It restores vitamin K activity and accelerates the normal blood clotting process, helping to prevent or treat bleeding caused by high doses of warfarin or vitamin K deficiency.
Indications
- Vitamin K deficiency (due to drugs or malabsorption)
- Over-anticoagulation with warfarin
- Prophylaxis of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates
Therapeutic class
Vitamin K preparations
Pharmacological class
Vitamin K1 (Phytomenadione)
Pharmacology
Phytomenadione promotes hepatic synthesis of prothrombin and other clotting factors (VII, IX, X), restoring vitamin K activity. It accelerates the normal blood clotting process and helps prevent or treat bleeding caused by warfarin or vitamin K deficiency.
Mechanism of action
Promotes hepatic synthesis of clotting factors to normalize blood clotting.
Dosage
Adult Dose:
- Oral (Vitamin K deficiency): 10-40 mg daily
- Oral (Over-anticoagulation): Up to 5 mg; depends on INR and degree of hemorrhage
- IV (Over-anticoagulation): 0.5-5 mg slow IV injection; depends on INR and degree of hemorrhage
Pediatric Dose:
- IM (Neonatal prophylaxis): 0.5-1 mg single dose; alternative: 2 mg oral, second dose 2 mg after 4-7 days
- Parenteral (Neonatal bleeding): 1 mg IV/IM/SC; further doses may be given if needed
Administration
- Administered by healthcare professional as IV/IM/SC injection; do not self-administer
- Oral: Take with or without food; take at a fixed time
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember; skip if it's almost time for next dose; do not double the dose.
Side effects
Common Side Effects:
- Pain, redness, or swelling at injection site
- Allergic reactions (rare)
- Flushing
- Altered taste
Precautions & warnings
- Do not use if G6PD deficiency
- Do not use as antidote for heparin
- May decrease warfarin effect; monitor INR
- Caution during pregnancy
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to phytomenadione or any ingredient
Drug interactions
- Oral anticoagulants (warfarin): Decreased effect
Food interactions
Take with food for better absorption; caution is advised when consuming alcohol.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: May be unsafe during pregnancy; animal studies have shown harmful effects; consult your doctor.
Pregnancy Category: C — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Safe during breastfeeding; human studies show insignificant transfer to breast milk and no harm to the baby.
Pediatric use
Dose established for neonates; consult your doctor.
Geriatric use
Caution required in elderly patients; dose adjustment may be needed.
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Safe in kidney disease; dose adjustment may not be needed; consult your doctor.
Hepatic Impairment: Safe in liver disease; dose adjustment may not be needed; consult your doctor.
Overdose effects
Overdose is rare; excessive doses may increase clotting risk; treatment: symptomatic; consult your doctor.
Storage conditions
Store in a cool and dry place, away from light; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1)