Generic
Thiamine Hydrochloride
25 brands available in the market
At a glance
Thiamine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential water-soluble vitamin used for beriberi, Wernicke's encephalopathy, pregnancy-associated neuritis, and pellagra.
Description
Thiamine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. It combines with ATP to form thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), required for pyruvic acid decarboxylation and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Thiamine deficiency causes accumulation of pyruvic and lactic acid, leading to beriberi.
Indications
- Beriberi
- Wernicke's encephalopathy
- Pregnancy-associated neuritis
- Pellagra
- Thiamine deficiency (poor dietary intake, impaired GI absorption, pregnancy, high-carbohydrate diet)
Therapeutic class
Vitamin-B Preparations
Pharmacological class
Water-soluble Vitamin (B1)
Pharmacology
Thiamine Hydrochloride is absorbed from the GI tract and distributed to most body tissues, with excess excreted in urine. It is converted to thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), an essential coenzyme in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. TPP is vital for pyruvic acid decarboxylation and the citric acid cycle.
Mechanism of action
Acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism.
Dosage
Adult Dose (Oral/Parenteral):
- Mild chronic deficiency: 10-25 mg/day (single or divided)
- Thiamine deficiency: 100-300 mg/day
- Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: Initially 100 mg slow IV over 10 min; then 50-100 mg/day IM/IV until oral intake possible
Pediatric Dose (Oral/Parenteral):
- Thiamine deficiency: 10-50 mg/day (divided)
- Beriberi: 10-25 mg IV/IM/day (critically ill) or 10-50 mg/dose PO/day for ≥2 weeks, then 5-10 mg/day PO for 1 month
Administration
- Oral: Take with food
- Parenteral: Administered by a healthcare professional in a hospital
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember; if almost time for the next dose, skip it; do not double the dose.
Side effects
Side Effects:
- Oral: No adverse effects at therapeutic doses
- IV: Warm sensation, tingling, pruritus, pain, urticaria, weakness, sweating, nausea, restlessness, throat tightness, angioedema, respiratory distress, cyanosis, pulmonary edema, GI bleeding, transient vasodilation, hypotension
- IM: Tenderness and induration
Precautions & warnings
- Daily requirements increase during pregnancy and lactation
- Seek immediate medical attention for serious allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling of face/tongue/throat, difficulty breathing)
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to thiamine
Drug interactions
- May enhance the effect of neuromuscular blocking agents
Food interactions
Caution is advised when consuming alcohol with Thiamine Hydrochloride (alcohol reduces thiamine absorption and utilization); consult your doctor.
Use in pregnancy
Use in Pregnancy: Safe during pregnancy; thiamine requirements increase; consult your doctor.
Pregnancy Category: A — always consult a doctor before taking during pregnancy.
Use in lactation
Use in Lactation: Safe during lactation; consult your doctor.
Pediatric use
Safe for neonates, children, and elderly
Geriatric use
Safe for elderly
Renal / hepatic impairment
Renal Impairment: Not applicable (vitamin)
Hepatic Impairment: Not applicable (vitamin)
Overdose effects
Overdose does not cause toxicity (water-soluble; excess is excreted in urine).
Storage conditions
Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture; keep out of reach of children.
Chemical structure
Thiamine Hydrochloride