Phenytoin Sodium

Phenytoin Sodium is a prescription medicine used to treat and prevent epilepsy (seizures). It controls seizures by decreasing the abnormal and excessive activity of the nerve cells in the brain. It is given when this medicine cannot be given orally, like in hospitalised patients. Phenytoin Sodium is given under the supervision of a healthcare professional and should not be self administered. It is advisable to take it at the same time each day as this helps to maintain constant level of medicine in the body. If you have missed a dose, take it as soon as you remember it. You should finish the full course of treatment even if you feel better as stopping the medication without talking to your doctor may cause non-stop seizures (called status epilepticus), which can be life threatening. The most common side effects of this medicine include skin rashes, headache, feeling or being sick, difficulty sleeping, dizziness and feeling sleepy or drowsy. Additionally, you may notice some injection site reactions like redness or swelling. Most side effects wear off, but if they bother you or do not go away, tell your doctor. There may be ways of preventing or reducing these effects. Before taking this medicine, tell your doctor if you have kidney or liver problems, meningitis or depression or suicidal thoughts. Also let your healthcare team know about all other medications you are using as some may affect, or be affected by, this medicine, including contraceptive pills. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, Phenytoin Sodium can be taken if it is clearly needed but the dose may be adjusted. You should avoid driving or riding a bicycle if this medicine makes you drowsy or dizzy. You may need frequent blood tests to check how you are responding to this medicine. Phenytoin Sodium is an antiepileptic medication. It controls seizures or fits by decreasing the abnormal and excessive activity of the nerve cells in the brain.

• Epilepsy/Seizures

Phenytoin acts as an anticonvulsant by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses; thus stabilising neuronal membranes and decreasing seizure activity. It acts as an antiarrhythmic by extending the effective refractory period and suppressing ventricular pacemaker automaticity, shortening action potential in the heart.

Adult Dose: Status epilepticus Load 10-15 mg/kg or 15-20 mg/kg at 25-50 mg/min, THEN Maintenance: 100 mg IV q6-8hr PRN Administer IV slowly; not to exceed 50 mg/min Child Dose: Status Epilepticus 15-20 mg/kg IV in single or divided dose; if necessary may administer additional dose of 5-10 mg/kg 10 min after loading dose Maintenance: 4-8 mg/kg/day IV divided twice daily

Your doctor or nurse will give you this medicine. Kindly do not self administer.

Common: • Rash • Headache • Dizziness • Vomiting • Nausea • Slurred speech • Vertigo • Confusion • Nervousness • Constipation • Tremor • Altered walking

[UNSAFE] Phenytoin Sodium may decrease alertness, affect your vision or make you feel sleepy and dizzy. Do not drive if these symptoms occur. Take your medication regularly as directed by your doctor as missing doses can trigger seizures. Do not change the brand of your medicine and make sure that you have sufficient amount of medicine present with you. Some healthy tips to prevent seizures: It may cause dizziness and sleepiness. Do not drive or do anything that requires mental focus until you know how it affects you. It may increase blood sugar levels. Inform your doctor if you are taking any medicines to treat diabetes. It may cause swollen gum (gum hypertrophy), hence take care of oral or dental hygiene. Talk to your doctor if you notice sudden mood changes or develop suicidal thoughts. Do not stop taking the medication suddenly without talking to your doctor as it may increase the seizure frequency.

Pregnancy. IV admin in sinus bradycardia, heart block, or Stokes-Adams syndrome.

Effects with other sedative drugs or ethanol may be potentiated. Enhances toxic effects of paracetamol, lithium. Increased risk of osteomalacia with acetazolamide. Decreased serum levels/effects with acyclovir, antineoplastics, benzodiazeines, ciprofloxacin, CYP2C9 inducers (e.g. carbamazepine), CYP2C19 inducers (e.g. rifampin), folic acid, vigabatrin. Increased serum concentrations with allopurinol, capecitabine, cimetidine, CYP2C9 inhibitors (e.g. fluconazole), CYP2C19 inhibitors (e.g. delavirdine), disulfiram, methylphenidate, metronidazole, omeprazole, SSRI, trazodone, trimethoprim. Increases metabolism of antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, chloramphenicol, corticosteroids, doxycycline, oestrogens, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, methadone, theophylline, TCAs. Decreases levels/effects of clozapine, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, CYP2B6 substrates (e.g. bupropion, selegiline), CYP2C8 substrates (e.g. amiodarone), CYP2C9 substrates (e.g. celecoxib), CYP2C19 substrates (e.g. citalopram), CYP3A4 substrates (e.g. benzodiazepines), digoxin, itraconazole, levodopa, neuromuscular-blocking agents, thyroid hormones, topiramate. Increases levels/effect of dopamine, ticlopidine. Valproic acid may displace phenytoin from binding sites; and affect phenytoin serum concentrations. Transiently increases the hypothrombinaemia response to warfarin initially, followed by an inhibition of the response. Potentially Fatal: Enhances the hypotensive properties of dopamine and the cardiac depressant properties of lidocaine.

[UNSAFE] It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Phenytoin Sodium.

[CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR] Phenytoin Sodium is unsafe to use during pregnancy as there is definite evidence of risk to the developing baby. However, the doctor may rarely prescribe it in some life-threatening situations if the benefits are more than the potential risks. Please consult your doctor.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Phenytoin Sodium is safe to use during breastfeeding. Human studies suggest that the drug does not pass into the breastmilk in a significant amount and is not harmful to the baby. Please consult your doctor.

[CAUTION] Phenytoin Sodium should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. Dose adjustment of Phenytoin Sodium may be needed. Please consult your doctor. [CAUTION] Phenytoin Sodium should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of Phenytoin Sodium may be needed. Please consult your doctor.

My said uncle is taking Epilan 100mg for epileptic reason. But this medicine is not easily available at his place. Can he take Epicom 100mg as its substitute? Please reply. Or any other available substitute? TAB. EPTOIN / TAB. CELETOIN/ TAB. PHENYTOIN. Is there any toxic effect for the drug garoin(phenobarbitone and phenytoin) in constipation child If the child doesnot having epilepsy also?? Toxicity is dose dependent I m taking 1.5gm sodium valporate,1.5 levectram, 1gm clobezam then also seizure r their at period of weekly is there alternate treatment in Ayurveda as every time at multiplying the doses at every visit As MRI eeg every tests r normal not aware of any ayurvedic medications for epilepsy is not my specialization. However you seems to have difficult to control (intractable) seizures plz follow doctors advice deligently for ur own welfare I think I have bipolar disorder what medicine I could take Sorry wrong image send Divalproex sodium is a good medicine for bipolar disorder low blood pressure reasons and treatment plz told me coz i hv seen. sm friends suffering these deases mainly in early morning vertigo vomiting please shere your views Dear 1mg user, people who have low sodium they will have this problem go for blood test sodium and potassium and get treatment Bp constant 150/90 but sodium count in BT is 124? Taking BP Metosartin 50 mg once a day, Thyroid 100mg also no metosartin will not worktake ramisave 10mg once daily after breakfast and let me know ur bp after 1 weeks Zeptol 300 disadvantage plz ans. can cause fall in sodium levels rarely