Cefazol 1

Cefazolin is an antibiotic medicine used to treat bacterial infections in your body. It is effective in infections of the lungs (eg. pneumonia), ear, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, blood, and heart. It is also used to prevent infections during surgery. Cefazolin fights and stops the growth of bacteria. This helps to improve your symptoms and cure the underlying infection. It is given as a slow drip (intravenous infusion) under the supervision of a healthcare professional. Your doctor will decide the correct dose for you. You should use this medicine regularly at evenly spaced intervals as per the schedule prescribed by your doctor. Do not skip any doses and finish the full course of treatment even if you feel better. Stopping the medicine too early may lead to the infection returning or worsening. The most common side effects of this medicine include rash, nausea, indigestion, and diarrhea. Some people may develop temporary redness or pain at the site of injection. These side effects are usually mild but let your doctor know if they bother you or last more than a few days. Before using it, you should tell your doctor if you are allergic to any antibiotics, and if you have any liver or kidney problems. You should also let your doctor know all other medicines you are taking as they may affect, or be affected by this medicine. Pregnant and breastfeeding mothers should consult their doctor before using it. Cefazolin is an antibiotic. It kills bacteria by preventing them from forming the bacterial protective covering (cell wall) which is needed for them to survive.

• Bacterial infections

Cefazolin binds to 1 or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.

Adult Dose: Parenteral Susceptible infections Adult: Mild: 0.25-0.5 g 8 hrly. Moderate to severe: 0.5-1 g 6-8 hrly. Severe, life-threatening: 1-1.5 g 6 hrly. Max: 12 g daily. All doses to be given by deep IM inj, slow IV inj over 3-5 min, or intermittent or continuous IV infusion. Mild Infections With Gram-Positive Cocci 250-500 mg IV q8hr Mild-to-Moderate Cholecystitis 1-2 g IV q8hr for 4-7 days Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection 1 g IV q12hr Preparation for Surgery Prophylaxis against infection Preoperatively: 1-2 g IV/IM ?60 minutes before procedure (may be repeated in 2-5 hours intraoperatively) Postoperatively: 0.5-1 g IV q6-8hr for 24 hours Surgical infection Cardiac procedures, hysterectomy, oral or pharyngeal procedures, craniotomy, joint replacement, thoracic procedures, arterial procedures, amputation, traumatic wounds; high-risk esophageal, gastroduodenal, or biliary tract procedures: 1-2 g IV Colorectal procedures: 1-2 g IV plus metronidazole 0.5 g IV High-risk cesarean section, 2nd trimester abortion: 1 g IV Ophthalmic procedures: 100 mg subconjunctivally Endocarditis 1 g IV/IM 30-60 minutes before procedure American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines: Endocarditis prophylaxis recommended only for high-risk patients Child Dose: Parenteral Susceptible infections Child: >1 yr 25-50 mg/kg daily in 3 or 4 divided doses to be given by deep IM inj, slow IV inj over 3-5 min, or intermittent or continuous IV infusion. Max: 100 mg/kg daily in divided doses for severe infections. Infections With Gram-Positive Cocci Neonates (7 days, 7 days, >2 kg: 60 mg/kg/day IV/IM divided q8hr Infants & children 25-100 mg/kg/day IV/IM divided q6-8hr; not to exceed 6 g/day Endocarditis Prophylaxis 50 mg/kg IV/IM ?30-60 minutes before procedure; not to exceed 1 g AHA guidelines: Endocarditis prophylaxis recommended only for high-risk patients Community-Acquired Pneumonia >3 months and children: 150 mg/kg/day IV/IM divided q8hr (moderate to severe infections, methicillin susceptible S.Aureus preferred Renal Dose: Renal impairment: CrCl (ml/min) Dosage Recommendation <10 Half the usual dose 18-24 hrly. 11-34 Half the usual dose 12 hrly. 35-54 Usual dose at intervals of at least 8 hr.

Your doctor or nurse will give you this medicine. Kindly do not self administer.

If you miss a dose of Cefazolin, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Common: • Rash • Injection site reactions (pain, swelling, redness) • Allergic reaction • Nausea • Indigestion • Diarrhea

[UNSAFE] Cefazolin may decrease alertness, affect your vision or make you feel sleepy and dizzy. Do not drive if these symptoms occur. Your doctor has prescribed Cefazolin to cure your infection and improve your symptoms. Do not skip any doses and finish the full course of treatment even if you feel better. Stopping it early may make the infection to come back and harder to treat. Discontinue Cefazolin and inform your doctor immediately if you get a rash, itchy skin, swelling of face and mouth, or have difficulty in breathing. Diarrhea may occur as a side effect but should stop when your course is complete. Inform your doctor if it doesn't stop or if you find blood in your stools. Avoid consuming alcohol while taking Cefazolin as it may cause increased side effects.

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

May enhance the anticoagulant effect of vit K antagonists (e.g. warfarin). May diminish the therapeutic effect of Na picosulfate, BCG and typhoid vaccine. May decrease the protein binding of fosphenytoin and phenytoin. Probenecid may decrease renal tubular secretion of cefazolin, resulting in increased and prolonged blood levels. May increase the nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycosides.

[SAFE] Consuming alcohol with Cefazolin does not cause any harmful side effects.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Cefazolin is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy. Animal studies have shown low or no adverse effects to the developing baby; however, there are limited human studies.

[SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Cefazolin is safe to use during breastfeeding. Human studies suggest that the drug does not pass into the breastmilk in a significant amount and is not harmful to the baby. Avoid prolonged use of Cefazolin, since it may have possible effects such as rash and diarrhea.

[CAUTION] Cefazolin should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. Dose adjustment of Cefazolin may be needed. Please consult your doctor. [SAFE IF PRESCRIBED] Cefazolin is probably safe to use in patients with liver disease. Limited data available suggests that dose adjustment of Cefazolin may not be needed in these patients. Please consult your doctor.

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